/*
 * ====================================================================
 *
 * The Apache Software License, Version 1.1
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1999 The Apache Software Foundation.  All rights 
 * reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 
 *
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 *    distribution.
 *
 * 3. The end-user documentation included with the redistribution, if
 *    any, must include the following acknowlegement:  
 *       "This product includes software developed by the 
 *        Apache Software Foundation (http://www.apache.org/)."
 *    Alternately, this acknowlegement may appear in the software itself,
 *    if and wherever such third-party acknowlegements normally appear.
 *
 * 4. The names "The Jakarta Project", "Tomcat", and "Apache Software
 *    Foundation" must not be used to endorse or promote products derived
 *    from this software without prior written permission. For written 
 *    permission, please contact apache@apache.org.
 *
 * 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "Apache"
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 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
 * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
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 * ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
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 * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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 * ====================================================================
 */

package net.wotonomy.foundation.internal;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Hashtable;

/**
 * The correct name for this class should be URLClassLoader. But there is
 * already a class by that name in JDK1.2.
 *
 * I have had quite a few problems with URLClassLoader in past, so I ended up
 * writing this ClassLoader. I found that the Java 2's URLClassLoader, does not
 * close the Jar file once opened. It is a pretty good optimization step, but if
 * you modify the class in the jar file, it does not pick it up. Some operating
 * systems may not let you modify the jar file while it is still open. IMHO, it
 * does make sense to close the jar file after you are done reading the class
 * data. But this approach may not get you the performance of the
 * URLClassLoader, but it works in all cases and also runs on JDK1.1. I have
 * enhanced this class loader to read all the zip/jar entries once & cache the
 * data, so that there is no overhead of opening/closing jar file to pick up
 * each entry.
 *
 *
 * @author Harish Prabandham
 */
public class NetworkClassLoader extends ClassLoader {
	private ClassLoader parent = null; // parent classloader
	private Hashtable<String, Class<?>> classCache = new Hashtable<>();
	private Hashtable<URL, URLResourceReader> urlset = new Hashtable<>();

	/**
	 * Creates a new instance of the class loader.
	 * 
	 * @param delegate/parent class loader.
	 */
	public NetworkClassLoader(ClassLoader parent) {
		setParent(parent);
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the parent/delegate class loader.
	 * 
	 * @param delegate/parent class loader.
	 */
	protected final void setParent(ClassLoader parent) {
		this.parent = parent;
	}

	/**
	 * Adds the given URL to this class loader. If the URL ends with "/", then it is
	 * assumed to be a directory otherwise, it is assumed to be a zip/jar file. If
	 * the same URL is added again, the URL is re-opened and this zip/jar file is
	 * used for serving any future class requests.
	 * 
	 * @param URL where to look for the classes.
	 */
	public synchronized void addURL(URL url) {
		// System.out.println("Adding url: " + url);
		if (!urlset.containsKey(url)) {
			try {
				urlset.put(url, new URLResourceReader(url));
			} catch (IOException ioe) {
				// Probably a bad url...
			}
		} else {
			// remove the old one & add a new one...
			try {
				URLResourceReader newu = new URLResourceReader(url);
				URLResourceReader oldu = (URLResourceReader) urlset.get(url);
				oldu.close();
				urlset.remove(url);
				urlset.put(url, newu);
			} catch (IOException ioe) {
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * @return An enumeration of URLs where this class loader looks for classes.
	 */
	public Enumeration<URL> getURLs() {
		return urlset.keys();
	}

	/**
	 * Call this to bypass the implementation of loadClass.
	 */
	@Override
	public Class<?> findClass(String name) {
		byte[] b = loadClassData(name);
		if (b == null)
			return null;
		return defineClass(name, b, 0, b.length);
	}

	protected byte[] loadResource(URL url, String resourceName) throws IOException {
		URLResourceReader urr = (URLResourceReader) urlset.get(url);
		// System.out.println("Loading from " + urr + " " + resourceName);
		if (urr != null) {
			return urr.getResource(resourceName);
		}

		return null;
	}

	protected byte[] loadResource(String resource) {
		byte[] barray = null;
		for (Enumeration<URL> e = urlset.keys(); e.hasMoreElements();) {
			URL url = (URL) e.nextElement();

			try {
				barray = loadResource(url, resource);
			} catch (Exception ex) {
			} finally {
				if (barray != null)
					break;
			}
		}

		return barray;
	}

	protected byte[] loadClassData(String classname) {
		String resourceName = classname.replace('.', '/') + ".class";
		return loadResource(resourceName);
	}

	/**
	 * Overridden to search for a resource and return a "jar"-style URL or normal
	 * "file" URL as necessary.
	 */
	@Override
	protected URL findResource(String name) { // System.out.println( "findResource: " + name );
		URL url;
		byte[] barray = null;

		for (Enumeration<URL> e = urlset.keys(); e.hasMoreElements();) {
			url = (URL) e.nextElement();
			try {
				barray = loadResource(url, name); // loads fully: wasteful
			} catch (Exception ex) {
				// do nothing
			}
			if (barray != null) {
				try {
					String ref = url.toString();
					if (ref.endsWith(".jar")) {
						// System.out.println( "jar:" + ref + "!/" + name );
						return new URL("jar:" + ref + "!/" + name);
					} else {
						// System.out.println( new URL( url, name ).toString() );
						return new URL(url, name);
					}
				} catch (Throwable t) {
					t.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}

		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * @return The resource as the input stream if such a resource exists, otherwise
	 *         returns null.
	 */
	@Override
	public InputStream getResourceAsStream(String name) {
		// System.out.println( "getResourceAsStream: " + name );
		InputStream istream = null;

		// Algorithm:
		//
		// 1. first check the system path for the resource
		// 2. next check the delegate/parent class loader for the resource
		// 3. then attempt to get the resource from the url set.
		//

		// Lets check the system path for the resource.
		istream = getSystemResourceAsStream(name);
		if (istream != null)
			return istream;

		// Lets check the parent/delegate class loader for the resource.
		if (parent != null) {
			istream = parent.getResourceAsStream(name);
			if (istream != null)
				return istream;
		}

		// Lets load it ourselves.
		byte[] data = loadResource(name);
		if (data != null) {
			istream = new ByteArrayInputStream(data);
		}

		return istream;
	}

	/**
	 * java.lang.ClassLoader's defineClass method is final, so the its subclasses
	 * cannot override this method. But, this class calls this method in the
	 * loadClass() instead.
	 * 
	 * @param The name of the class without ".class" extension.
	 * @param The class data bytes.
	 * @return The class object.
	 */
	protected Class<?> defineClass(String classname, byte[] classdata) {
		return defineClass(classname, classdata, 0, classdata.length);
	}

	@Override
	public synchronized Class<?> loadClass(String name, boolean resolve) throws ClassNotFoundException {
		Class<?> c = null;

		// Algorithm: (Please do not change the order; unless you
		// have a good reason to do so).
		//
		// 1. first check the system class loader.
		// 2. next check the delegate/parent class loader.
		// 3. next check the class cache
		// 4. then attempt to load classes from the URL set.
		//

		// Lets see if the class is in system class loader.
		try {
			c = findSystemClass(name);
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
		} finally {
			if (c != null)
				return c;
		}

		// Lets see if the class is in parent class loader.
		try {
			if (parent != null)
				c = parent.loadClass(name);
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
		} finally {
			if (c != null)
				return c;
		}

		// Lets see if the class is in the cache..
		c = (Class<?>) classCache.get(name);

		if (c != null)
			return c;

		// Lets see if we find the class all by ourselves.
		byte[] data = loadClassData(name);

		if (data != null) {
			// we did !!
			c = defineClass(name, data);
			classCache.put(name, c);
			if (resolve)
				resolveClass(c);
		} else {
			// We are out of luck at this point...
			throw new ClassNotFoundException(name);
		}

		return c;
	}

	/**
	 * This method resets this ClassLoader's state. It completely removes all the
	 * URLs and classes in this class loader cache.
	 */
	public final void clear() {
		urlset.clear();
		classCache.clear();
	}

	/**
	 * This method resets this ClassLoader's state and resets the references for
	 * garbage collection.
	 */
	@Override
	protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
		// Cleanup real well. Otherwise, this can be
		// a major source of memory leaks...

		// remove all the urls & class entries.
		clear();

		parent = null;
		urlset = null;
		classCache = null;
	}
}