/*
Wotonomy: OpenStep design patterns for pure Java applications.
Copyright (C) 2001 Intersect Software Corporation

This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with this library; if not, see http://www.gnu.org
*/

package net.wotonomy.control;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectStreamClass;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import net.wotonomy.foundation.NSDictionary;
import net.wotonomy.foundation.NSMutableDictionary;
import net.wotonomy.foundation.internal.Duplicator;
import net.wotonomy.foundation.internal.WotonomyException;

/**
 * KeyValueCodingUtilities implements what EOKeyValueCodingSupport leaves out.
 * Importantly, this class implements the deep clone and deep copy operations
 * that are essential to the functioning of nested editing contexts.
 *
 * @author michael@mpowers.net
 * @author $Author: cgruber $
 * @version $Revision: 900 $
 */
public class KeyValueCodingUtilities {
	/**
	 * Returns a Map of the specified keys to their values, each of which is
	 * obtained by calling valueForKey on the specified object if it implements
	 * EOKeyValueCoding, and otherwise falling back on EOKeyValueCodingSupport. Null
	 * values must be represented by NSNull.nullValue().
	 */
	static public NSDictionary valuesForKeys(Object anObject, List aKeyList) {
		return valuesForKeys(anObject, aKeyList, false);
	}

	/**
	 * Returns a Map of the specified keys to their values, each of which is
	 * obtained by calling storedValueForKey on the specified object if it
	 * implements EOKeyValueCoding, and otherwise falling back on
	 * EOKeyValueCodingSupport. Null values must be represented by
	 * NSNull.nullValue().
	 */
	static public NSDictionary storedValuesForKeys(Object anObject, List aKeyList) {
		return valuesForKeys(anObject, aKeyList, true);
	}

	/**
	 * Called by valuesForKeys and storedValuesForKeys. This uses storedValueForKey
	 * if isStored is true, otherwise uses valueForKey.
	 */
	static private NSDictionary valuesForKeys(Object anObject, List aKeyList, boolean isStored) {
		EOKeyValueCoding coding;
		if (anObject instanceof EOKeyValueCoding) {
			coding = (EOKeyValueCoding) anObject;
		} else {
			coding = null;
		}

		String key;
		Object value;
		NSMutableDictionary result = new NSMutableDictionary();
		Iterator it = aKeyList.iterator();
		while (it.hasNext()) {
			// TODO: get rid of this try/catch - exceptions should be fatal (?)
			try {
				key = it.next().toString();
				if (coding != null) {
					if (isStored)
						value = coding.storedValueForKey(key);
					else
						value = coding.valueForKey(key);
				} else {
					if (isStored)
						value = EOKeyValueCodingSupport.storedValueForKey(anObject, key);
					else
						value = EOKeyValueCodingSupport.valueForKey(anObject, key);
				}
				if (value == null) {
					value = EONullValue.nullValue();
				}
				result.setObjectForKey(value, key);
			} catch (RuntimeException exc) {
				System.out.println("KeyValueCodingUtilities.valuesForKeys: " + isStored + " : " + exc);
			}
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * Takes the keys from the specified Map as properties and applies the
	 * corresponding values, each of which might be set by calling takeValueForKey
	 * on the specified object if it implements EOKeyValueCoding, and otherwise
	 * falling back on EOKeyValueCodingSupport. Null values must be represented by
	 * NSNull.nullValue().
	 */
	static public void takeValuesFromDictionary(Object anObject, Map aMap) {
		takeStoredValuesFromDictionary(anObject, aMap, false);
	}

	/**
	 * Takes the keys from the specified Map as properties and applies the
	 * corresponding values, each of which might be set by calling
	 * takeStoredValueForKey on the specified object if it implements
	 * EOKeyValueCoding, and otherwise falling back on EOKeyValueCodingSupport. Null
	 * values must be represented by NSNull.nullValue().
	 */
	static public void takeStoredValuesFromDictionary(Object anObject, Map aMap) {
		takeStoredValuesFromDictionary(anObject, aMap, true);
	}

	/**
	 * Called by takeValuesFromDictionary and takeStoredValuesFromDictionary. This
	 * uses takeStoredValueForKey if isStored is true, otherwise uses
	 * takeValueForKey.
	 */
	static private void takeStoredValuesFromDictionary(Object anObject, Map aMap, boolean isStored) {
		EOKeyValueCoding coding;
		if (anObject instanceof EOKeyValueCoding) {
			coding = (EOKeyValueCoding) anObject;
		} else {
			coding = null;
		}

		String key;
		Object value;
		NSMutableDictionary result = new NSMutableDictionary();
		Iterator it = aMap.keySet().iterator();
		while (it.hasNext()) {
			// TODO: get rid of this try/catch - exceptions should be fatal (?)
			try {
				key = it.next().toString();
				value = aMap.get(key);
				if (value instanceof EONullValue)
				// can't use == nullValue() because of cloning/serialization
				{
					value = null;
				}
				if (coding != null) {
					if (isStored)
						coding.takeStoredValueForKey(value, key);
					else
						coding.takeValueForKey(value, key);
				} else {
					if (isStored)
						EOKeyValueCodingSupport.takeStoredValueForKey(anObject, value, key);
					else
						EOKeyValueCodingSupport.takeValueForKey(anObject, value, key);
				}
			} catch (WotonomyException exc) {
				System.out.println("KeyValueCodingUtilities.takeStoredValuesFromDictionary: " + isStored + " : " + exc);
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Creates a deep clone of the specified object. (Object.clone() only creates a
	 * shallow clone.) Returns null if operation fails.
	 */
	static public Object clone(Object aSource) {
		return Duplicator.deepClone(aSource);
	}

	/**
	 * Creates a deep clone of the specified object, registered in the specified
	 * source editing context, transposing it into the specified destination editing
	 * context. Returns null if operation fails.
	 */
	static public Object clone(EOEditingContext aSourceContext, Object aSource, EOEditingContext aDestinationContext) {
		return clone(aSourceContext, aSource, aDestinationContext, aSource);
	}

	/**
	 * Called by clone and copy. The specified root object will not be replaced by
	 * an object in the destination editing context: this should be the same as the
	 * source object for cloning, but should be null for copying. Returns null if
	 * operation fails.
	 */
	static private Object clone(EOEditingContext aSourceContext, Object aSource, EOEditingContext aDestinationContext,
			Object aRootObject) {

//System.out.println();
//System.out.println( "clone: " + aSourceContext );
//System.out.println( "     : " + aSource );
//System.out.println( "     : " + aDestinationContext );
//System.out.println();

		// the only known way to deep copy in
		// java without native code is serialization

		return thaw(freeze(aSource, aSourceContext, aRootObject, true), aDestinationContext, true);
	}

	/**
	 * Serializes an object to a byte array containing GlobalIDMarkers in place of
	 * references to other objects registered in the specified context. The
	 * specified root object will be serialized, even if it is registered in the
	 * specified context: this is typically the root object you're trying to
	 * serialize. Package access, as this method is used by editing context for
	 * snapshots.
	 */
	static public byte[] freeze(Object anObject, EOEditingContext aContext, Object aRootObject, boolean transpose) {
		try {
//long t = System.currentTimeMillis();            
			ByteArrayOutputStream byteOutput = new ByteArrayOutputStream();// CloneBufferSize );
			ObjectOutputStream objectOutput;
			if (transpose) {
				objectOutput = new TransposingContextObjectOutputStream(byteOutput, aContext, aRootObject);
			} else {
				objectOutput = new ContextObjectOutputStream(byteOutput, aContext);
			}

			objectOutput.writeObject(anObject);
			objectOutput.flush();
			objectOutput.close();

			return byteOutput.toByteArray();

// profiling
			/*
			 * byte[] result = byteOutput.toByteArray(); long size = result.length; long
			 * time = ( System.currentTimeMillis() - t ); maxSize = Math.max( size, maxSize
			 * ); minSize = Math.min( size, minSize ); totSize += size; maxTime = Math.max(
			 * time, maxTime ); minTime = Math.min( time, minTime ); totTime += time;
			 * nTime++; System.out.println( "freeze: size = [ " + size + " : " + minSize +
			 * " : " + ( (float)totSize / (float)nTime ) + " : " + maxSize + " ]  time = [ "
			 * + time + " : " + minTime + " : " + ( (float)totTime / (float)nTime ) + " : "
			 * + maxTime + " ]" ); return result;
			 */
// end profiling

		} catch (Exception exc) {
			throw new WotonomyException(exc);
		}
	}

//static long maxTime, minTime, totTime, nTime, maxSize, minSize, totSize;    
//static long maxTimeThaw, minTimeThaw, totTimeThaw, nTimeThaw;

	/**
	 * De-serializes an object from the specified byte array, replacing
	 * GlobalIDMarkers with reference to objects registered in the specified editing
	 * context. Package access, as this method is used by editing context for
	 * snapshots.
	 */
	static public Object thaw(byte[] aByteArray, EOEditingContext aContext, boolean transpose) {
		return thaw(aByteArray, aContext, null, transpose);
	}

	/**
	 * De-serializes an object from the specified byte array, replacing
	 * GlobalIDMarkers with reference to objects registered in the specified editing
	 * context. Package access, as this method is used by editing context for
	 * snapshots.
	 */
	static public Object thaw(byte[] aByteArray, EOEditingContext aContext, ClassLoader aLoader, boolean transpose) {
		try {
//long t = System.currentTimeMillis();            
			ByteArrayInputStream byteInput = new ByteArrayInputStream(aByteArray);
			ObjectInputStream objectInput;
			if (transpose) {
				objectInput = new TransposingContextObjectInputStream(byteInput, aContext, aLoader);
			} else {
				objectInput = new ContextObjectInputStream(byteInput, aContext, aLoader);
			}

			return objectInput.readObject();
// profiling
			/*
			 * Object result = objectInput.readObject(); long timeThaw = (
			 * System.currentTimeMillis() - t ); maxTimeThaw = Math.max( timeThaw,
			 * maxTimeThaw ); minTimeThaw = Math.min( timeThaw, minTimeThaw ); totTimeThaw
			 * += timeThaw; nTimeThaw++; System.out.println( "thaw: size = " +
			 * aByteArray.length + ", time = [ " + timeThaw + " : " + minTimeThaw + " : " +
			 * ( (float)totTimeThaw / (float)nTimeThaw ) + " : " + maxTimeThaw + " ]" );
			 * return result;
			 */
// end profiling
		} catch (Exception exc) {
			throw new WotonomyException(exc);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Copies values from one object registered in the specified origin context to
	 * the specified destination object The values themselves are cloned, so this is
	 * a deep copy. Returns the destination object, or throws exception if operation
	 * fails.
	 */
	static public Object copy(Object aSource, Object aDestination) {
		NSDictionary values = (NSDictionary) clone(valuesForKeys(aSource,
				EOClassDescription.classDescriptionForClass(aSource.getClass()).attributeKeys()));

		takeStoredValuesFromDictionary(aDestination, values);
		return aDestination;
	}

	/**
	 * Copies values from one object registered in the specified origin context to
	 * the specified destination object The values themselves are cloned, so this is
	 * a deep copy. Returns the destination object, or throws exception if operation
	 * fails.
	 */
	static public Object copy(EOEditingContext aSourceContext, Object aSource, EOEditingContext aDestinationContext,
			Object aDestination) {
		// get all keys for this object
		EOClassDescription classDesc = EOClassDescription.classDescriptionForClass(aSource.getClass());
		List keys = new LinkedList();
		keys.addAll(classDesc.attributeKeys());
		keys.addAll(classDesc.toOneRelationshipKeys());
		keys.addAll(classDesc.toManyRelationshipKeys());

		// transpose all objects registered in source context
		NSDictionary values = storedValuesForKeys(aSource, keys);
		values = (NSDictionary) clone(aSourceContext, values, aDestinationContext, null);

		// apply to destination object
		takeStoredValuesFromDictionary(aDestination, values);
		return aDestination;
	}

	// inner classes

	/**
	 * An ObjectOutputStream that serializes objects with references to an editing
	 * context. The specified context will not be serialized but referenced, so that
	 * a ContextObjectInputStream can replace the reference with another editing
	 * context.
	 */
	static private class ContextObjectOutputStream extends ObjectOutputStream {
		private EditingContextMarker marker = new EditingContextMarker();
		protected EOEditingContext editingContext;

		/**
		 * Specifies the output stream to wrap, and the source context that should be
		 * referenced but not serialized.
		 */
		public ContextObjectOutputStream(OutputStream anOutputStream, EOEditingContext aContext) throws IOException {
			super(anOutputStream);
			editingContext = aContext;
			try {
				enableReplaceObject(true);
			} catch (Exception exc) {
				exc.printStackTrace();
			}
		}

		protected Object replaceObject(Object anObject) throws IOException {
//            if ( anObject == editingContext ) return marker;
//FIXME: this should be more strict as above
			if (anObject instanceof EOEditingContext)
				return marker;
			return anObject;
		}

	}

	/**
	 * A ContextObjectOutputStream that replaces any objects registered in the
	 * source editing context with markers to be used in ContextObjectInputStream.
	 */
	static private class TransposingContextObjectOutputStream extends ContextObjectOutputStream {
		protected Object rootObject;

		/**
		 * Specifies the output stream to wrap, the source context containing objects
		 * that should be replaced if found, and the object which should not be
		 * re-registered, which is typically the object being cloned, but may be null.
		 */
		public TransposingContextObjectOutputStream(OutputStream anOutputStream, EOEditingContext aContext,
				Object anObject) throws IOException {
			super(anOutputStream, aContext);
			rootObject = anObject;
		}

		protected Object replaceObject(Object anObject) throws IOException {
			if (anObject == rootObject)
				return anObject;
			if (editingContext != null) {
				EOGlobalID id = editingContext.globalIDForObject(anObject);
				if (id != null) {
					Object result = new GlobalIDMarker(id);
					// System.out.println( "KeyValueCodingUtilities.replaceObject: returning: " +
					// result );
					return result;
				}
			}
			return super.replaceObject(anObject);
		}

	}

	/**
	 * A marker class so references to objects registered in editing contexts get
	 * transposed rather than cloned.
	 */
	static private class GlobalIDMarker implements Serializable {
		private EOGlobalID id;

		public GlobalIDMarker(EOGlobalID anID) {
			id = anID;
		}

		public EOGlobalID getID() {
			return id;
		}

		public String toString() {
			return "[GlobalIDMarker:" + id + "]";
		}
	}

	/**
	 * A marker class so references an object's editing context gets transposed
	 * rather than cloned.
	 */
	static private class EditingContextMarker implements Serializable {
		// just a marker class - no implementation necessary
	}

	/**
	 * An ObjectInputStream that replaces any markers from ContextObjectOutputStream
	 * with objects registered in the destination editing context.
	 */
	static private class ContextObjectInputStream extends ObjectInputStream {
		protected EOEditingContext editingContext;
		protected ClassLoader classLoader;

		/**
		 * Specifies the output stream to wrap, the source context containing objects
		 * that should be to replace any markers. The class loader may be null.
		 */
		public ContextObjectInputStream(InputStream anInputStream, EOEditingContext aContext, ClassLoader aClassLoader)
				throws IOException {
			super(anInputStream);
			editingContext = aContext;
			classLoader = aClassLoader;
			if (classLoader == null) {
				classLoader = KeyValueCodingUtilities.class.getClassLoader();
			}
			try {
				enableResolveObject(true);
			} catch (Exception exc) {
				exc.printStackTrace();
			}
		}

		protected Object resolveObject(Object anObject) throws IOException {
			if (anObject instanceof EditingContextMarker) {
				return editingContext;
			}
			return anObject;
		}

		protected Class resolveClass(ObjectStreamClass v) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
			return classLoader.loadClass(v.getName());
		}
	}

	/**
	 * A ContextObjectInputStream that replaces any markers from
	 * TransposingContextObjectOutputStream with objects registered in the
	 * destination editing context.
	 */
	static private class TransposingContextObjectInputStream extends ContextObjectInputStream {
		/**
		 * Specifies the output stream to wrap, the source context containing objects
		 * that should be to replace any markers.
		 */
		public TransposingContextObjectInputStream(InputStream anInputStream, EOEditingContext aContext,
				ClassLoader aClassLoader) throws IOException {
			super(anInputStream, aContext, aClassLoader);
		}

		protected Object resolveObject(Object anObject) throws IOException {
			if (anObject instanceof GlobalIDMarker) {
				return editingContext.faultForGlobalID(((GlobalIDMarker) anObject).getID(), editingContext);
			}
			return super.resolveObject(anObject);
		}
	}

}

/*
 * $Log$ Revision 1.3 2006/02/18 22:46:44 cgruber Add Surrogate map from .util
 * into control's internal package, and fix imports.
 *
 * Revision 1.2 2006/02/16 16:47:14 cgruber Move some classes in to "internal"
 * packages and re-work imports, etc.
 *
 * Also use UnsupportedOperationExceptions where appropriate, instead of
 * WotonomyExceptions.
 *
 * Revision 1.1 2006/02/16 13:19:57 cgruber Check in all sources in
 * eclipse-friendly maven-enabled packages.
 *
 * Revision 1.15 2003/01/21 22:30:10 mpowers thaw() now allows you to pass in a
 * class loader.
 *
 * Revision 1.14 2002/05/15 13:46:35 mpowers Exposed freeze and thaw as public.
 *
 * Revision 1.13 2001/08/22 19:25:13 mpowers Added (and commented out) profiling
 * code for freeze.
 *
 * Revision 1.12 2001/05/06 18:27:10 mpowers More broadly catching editing
 * contexts for now.
 *
 * Revision 1.11 2001/05/05 13:18:49 mpowers Fixed: transposing output stream
 * was not returning the object to replace.
 *
 * Revision 1.10 2001/05/04 16:57:56 mpowers Now correctly transposing
 * references to editing contexts when cloning/copying between editing contexts.
 *
 * Revision 1.9 2001/05/04 14:42:58 mpowers Now getting stored values in
 * KeyValueCoding. MasterDetail now marks dirty based on whether it's an
 * attribute or relation. Implemented editing context marker.
 *
 * Revision 1.8 2001/05/02 15:47:40 mpowers Fixed the pernicious problem with
 * reverts: recordObject was recording a snapshot of the clone before the
 * transposition-copy happened, so the revert object would lose all of its
 * transposed relationships.
 *
 * Revision 1.7 2001/04/30 12:33:17 mpowers Fixed problem with use of
 * EONullValue.nullValue(), which can't be used when we're serializably
 * duplicating objects.
 *
 * Revision 1.6 2001/04/30 02:14:25 mpowers Copying should call
 * takeStoredValueForKeys.
 *
 * Revision 1.5 2001/04/29 22:02:45 mpowers Work on id transposing between
 * editing contexts.
 *
 * Revision 1.4 2001/04/29 02:29:31 mpowers Debugging relationship faulting.
 *
 * Revision 1.3 2001/04/28 16:18:44 mpowers Implementing relationships.
 *
 * Revision 1.2 2001/04/28 14:12:23 mpowers Refactored cloning/copying into
 * KeyValueCodingUtilities.
 *
 * Revision 1.1 2001/04/27 23:41:12 mpowers Contributing file for
 * KeyValueCodingUtilities.
 *
 *
 */