path: root/data/nouns.txt

# Words that inflect singular->plural normally
# but which are ambiguous when inflected plural->singular...
# (e.g. "axes"-->"ax" vs "axes"-->"axe" vs "axes"-->"axis")
# [These need to be at the start so the rest of the inflections defer to them]
# [The first form in each group is always preferred]

agendum     =>          |  agenda
agend       =>  agends  |  agenda

axe         => axes
ax          => axes

base        => bases
basis       => bases

blue        => blues
blues       => blues

breech      => breeches
breeches    => breeches

clippers    => clippers
clipper     => clippers

co          =>  coes
coe         =>  coes

coney       => coneys  | conies
cony        => conys   | conies

doe         =>  does
do          =>  does

ellipse     => ellipses
ellipsis    => ellipses

fro         =>  froes
froe        =>  froes

genie       =>  genies    |  genii
genius      =>  geniuses  |  genii

glass       =>  glasses
glasses     =>  glasses

graffiti    => graffiti
graffito    => graffiti

heroon      =>  heroa
heroum      =>  heroa

hoe         =>  hoes
ho          =>  hoes

joe         =>  joes
jo          =>  joes

mew         => mews
mews        => mews

moe         =>  moes
mo          =>  moes

monsignore  =>              |  monsignori
monsignor   =>  monsignors  |  monsignori

pant        => pants
pants       => pants

penny       => pennies  |  pence
pence       =>             pence

pincer      => pincers
pincers     => pincers

po          =>  poes
poe         =>  poes

shears      => shears
shear       => shears

shorts      => shorts
short       => shorts

so          =>  soes
soe         =>  soes

*staff       => *staffs  |  *staves
*stave       =>             *staves

syringe     =>              syringes
syrinx      => syrinxes  |  syringes

testes      => testes
testis      => testes

toe         =>  toes
to          =>  toes

tongs       => tongs
tong        => tongs

yo          =>  yoes
yoe         =>  yoes


# Singular words ending in "-s" with irregular inflexions...

Atlas            =>              |  Atlantes
atlas            =>  atlases     |  atlantes
editio princeps  =>              |  editiones principes
eros             =>  eroses      |  erotes
gens             =>              |  gentes
maecenas         =>  maecenases  |  maecenates
mons             =>              |  montes
Nenets           =>  Nenets      |  Nentsi
paries           =>              |  parietes
potestas         =>              |  potestates
proferens        =>              |  proferentes
secans           =>              |  secantes
starets          =>              |  startsy
triens           =>              |  trientes
venus            =>  venuses     |  veneres
yes              =>  yeses       |


# Latin imports ending in "-us" that classically inflect to "-era"...

*genus       =>        | genera
glomus      =>        | glomera
opus        => opuses | opera
# Classical should be "opera", but it's ambiguous
viscus      =>        | viscera


# Compound words (mostly imported) that inflect irregularly (for English)...

agent provocateur      =>                  | agents provocateurs
aide-de-camp           =>                  | aides-de-camp
ale-wife               => ale-wives        |
alto-relievo           => alto-relievos    |
amicus curiae          =>                  | amici curiae
anti-serum             => anti-serums      | anti-sera
auto-de-fe             => auto-de-fes      | autos-de-fes
beau geste             => beau gestes      | beaux gestes
bel homme              =>                  | beaux hommes
bel-esprit             =>                  | beaux esprits
belle epoque           => belle epoques    | belles epoques
bon mot                => bon mots         | bons mots
bon vivant             => bon vivants      | bons vivants
bona fides             =>                  | bonis fidebus
break-away             => break-aways      | breaks-away
brother-german         => brothers-german  | brethren-german
caffe macchiato        => caffe macchiatos | caffe macchiati
caffe ristretto        => caffe ristrettos | caffe ristretti
camera obscura         => camera obscuras  | camerae obscurae
carte-de-visite        =>                  | cartes-de-visite
casus belli            =>                  | casus belli
cheval-de-bataille     =>                  | chevaux-de-bataille
collegium musicum      =>                  | collegia musica
concerto grosso        =>                  | concerti grossi
corpus vile            =>                  | corpora vilia
coup d'etat            =>                  | coups d'etat
court martial          => court-martials   | courts martial
crafts-child           =>                  | crafts-childer
cri de coeur           =>                  | cris de coeur
cul-de-four            =>                  | culs-de-four
cul-de-lampe           =>                  | culs-de-lampe
cul-de-sac             =>                  | culs-de-sac
editio princeps        =>                  | editiones principes
ens rationis           =>                  | entia rationis
ens reale              =>                  | entia realia
entente cordiale       =>                  | ententes cordiales
fait accompli          =>                  | faits accomplis
felo-de-se             => felos-de-se      | felones-de-se
fidei defensor         =>                  | fidei defensores
finger-end             => finger-ends      | fingers-ends
flag-staff             => flag-staffs      | flag-staves
franc-archer           => franc-archers    | francs-archers
fundamentum divisionis =>                  | fundamenta divisionis
fungo porcino          =>                  | funghi porchini
guardia civil          =>                  | guardias civiles
hapax legomenon        => hapax legomenons | hapax legomena
hemi-elytrum           =>                  | hemi-elytra
idee fixe              =>                  | idees fixes
infima species         =>                  | infimae species
ipse dixit             =>                  | ipse dixits
lex humana             =>                  | leges humanae
line-out               => line-outs        | lines-out
lord-lieutenant        => lord-lieutenants | lords-lieutenant
magnum opus            => magnum opuses    | magna opera
malum in se            =>                  | mala in se
man-child              => men-children     |
man-midwife            => men-midwives     |
man-milliner           => man-milliners    | men-milliners
man-servant            =>                  | men-servants
mater lectionis        =>                  | matres lectionis
matinee musicale       =>                  | matinees musicales
menage a quatre        =>                  | menages a quatre
menage a trois         =>                  | menages a trois
messa di voce          =>                  | messe di voce
mezzo-rilievo          =>                  | mezzo-rilievos
miles gloriosus        =>                  | milites gloriosi
milieu interieur       =>                  | milieux interieurs
monstre sacre          =>                  | monstres sacres
musee imaginaire       =>                  | musees imaginaires
musique concrete       =>                  | musiques concretes
naya paisa             =>                  | naye paise
non-ens                =>                  | nonentia
nouveau pauvre         => nouvelle pauvre  | nouveaux pauvres
nouveau riche          => nouvelle riche   | nouveaux riches
nouvel arrive          =>                  | nouveaux arrives
novus homo             =>                  | novi homines
opus magnum            =>                  | opera magna
parc ferme             =>                  | parcs fermes
pied a terre           =>                  | pieds a terre
pied noir              =>                  | pieds noirs
pina colada            => pina coladas     | pinas coladas
plurale tantum         =>                  | pluralia tantum
pomme de terre         =>                  | pommes de terre
port de bras           =>                  | ports de bras
port-a-beul            =>                  | puirt-a-beul
portrait parle         =>                  | portraits parles
premier danseur        =>                  | premiers danseurs
prima ballerina        => prima ballerinas | prime ballerine
prima donna            => prima donnas     | prime donne
punto blanco           => puntos blancos   | punti blanchi
rara avis              => rara avises      | rarae aves
rite de passage        =>                  | rites de passage
rond de jambe          => rond de jambes   | ronds de jambes
route nationale        =>                  | routes nationales
ruse de guerre         =>                  | ruses de guerre
sanctum sanctorum      =>                  | sancta sanctorum
scandalum magnatum     =>                  | scandala magnatum
set-off                => set-offs         | sets-off
set-out                => set-outs         | sets-out
set-to                 => set-tos          | sets-to
star-fish              => star-fishes      | star-fish
studium generale       =>                  | studia generali
suggestio falsi        =>                  | suggestiones falsi
summum bonum           =>                  | summa bona
summum genus           =>                  | summa genera
sum-total              => sum-totals       | sums-total
terrae filius          =>                  | terrae filii
tete-a-tete            => tete-a-tetes     |
tortilla espanola      =>                  | tortillas espanolas
tour de force          =>                  | tours de force
uomo universale        =>                  | uomini universali
varia lectio           =>                  | variae lectiones
vers libre             =>                  | vers libres
washer-up              => washers-up       |
white staff            => white staves     |
woman-child            => women-children   |
woman-servant          => women-servants   |


# Other words with irregular inflexions...

alan            =>  alans            |  alani
atman           =>  atmas            |
bajocco         =>                   |  bajocchi
bandit          =>  bandits          |  banditti
bersagliere     =>                   |  bersaglieri
blin            =>  blinis           |  blini
blouse          =>  blouses          |
brachiopod      =>  brachiopods      |  brachiopoda
branchiopod     =>  branchiopods     |  branchiopoda
breakaway       =>  breakaways       |  breaksaway
brother-german  =>  brothers-german  |  brethren-german
calzone         =>  calzones         |  calzoni
capo            =>  capos            |  capi
caryatid        =>  caryatids        |  caryatides
chervonetz      =>                   |  chervontzi
cony            =>  conys            |  conies
court-martial   =>  court-martials   |  courts-martial
curioso         =>  curiosos         |  curiosi
devoto          =>  devotos          |  devoti
die             =>  dice             |  dies
divertimento    =>  divertimentos    |  divertimenti
fedai           =>  fedais           |  fedai
ganglion        =>  ganglions        |  ganglia
giuncus         =>                   |  giunchi
glutaeus        =>  glutei           |  glutaei
gluteus         =>  glutei           |  glutaei
graffiti        =>  graffiti         |
graffito        =>  graffiti         |
hamadryad       =>  hamadrayads      |  hamadryades
hetaera         =>  hetaerae         |  hetairai
hetaira         =>  hetaerae         |  hetairai
hinaki          =>                   |  hinaki
ixodid          =>                   |  ixodides
jerry           =>  jerries          |
Jerry           =>  Jerrys           |
kovsh           =>                   |  kovshi
kuvasz          =>                   |  kuvaszok
laika           =>                   |  laiki
Lapith          =>  Lapiths          |  Lapithae
leu             =>                   |  lei
likuta          =>                   |  makuta
maestro         =>  maestros         |  maestri
mare            =>  mares            |  maria
mary            =>  maries           |
Mary            =>  Marys            |
matzah          =>  matzahs          |  matzot
modello         =>  modellos         |  modelli
money           =>  monies           |
monseigneur     =>  monsiegneurs     |  messeigneurs
mousetrap       =>  mousetraps       |  micetraps
nagaika         =>  nagaikas         |  nagaiki
niello          =>  niellos          |  nielli
occiput         =>  occiputs         |  occipita
octopus         =>  octopuses        |
# Not correct, but widely used
octopus         =>                   |  octopi
# Not correct either, and rarely used
octopus         =>                   |  octopodes
onager          =>  onagers          |  onagri
otomi           =>  otomies          |  otomi
pecten          =>  pectens          |  pectines
penni           =>                   |  pennia
*person          =>  people           |  persons
plankter        =>  plankton         |
platypus        =>  platypuses       |  platypodes
ploshchadka     =>                   |  ploshchadki
pul             =>  puls             |  puli
rezidentsia     =>                   |  rezidentsii
ricercar        =>  ricercars        |  ricercari
ritardando      =>  ritardandos      |  ritardandi
Rom             =>  Roma             |
Romany          =>  Romanies         |
rubashka        =>  rubashkas        |  rubashki
scirrhus        =>  scirrhusses      |  scirrhi
scomber         =>  scombri          |
sforzato        =>  sforzatos        |  sforzati
siglos          =>  sigli            |  sigloi
ski             =>  skis             |
solfeggio       =>  solfeggios       |  solfeggi
squadrist       =>  squadrists       |  squadristi
staretz         =>                   |  startzy
starosta        =>                   |  starosti
stoa            =>  stoas            |  stoai
storey          =>  storeys          |
tolkach         =>                   |  tolkachi
trilby          =>  trilbys          |
udarnik         =>                   |  udarniki
valuta          =>  valute           |  valuten
zloty           =>  zlotys           |  zloty



# Units that don't inflect...

*hertz    =>  hertz
*lux      =>  lux
*siemens  =>  siemens


# Currencies that don't inflect...

kobo   => kobo
ngwee  => ngwee
quid   => quid
thebe  => thebe


# Miscellaneous words that inflect normally (but classically don't inflect at all)...

djinn       => djinns      | djinn
Galla       => Gallas      | Galla
graben      => grabens     | graben
lis         => lisses      | lis
listeria    => listerias   | listeria
loa         => loas        | loa
lox         => loxes       | lox
microfiche  => microfiches | microfiche
Otomi       => Otomies     | Otomi
poise       => poises      | poise
Purum       => Purums      | Purum
rad         => rads        | rad
rem         => rems        | rem
shifta      => shiftas     | shifta
torma       => tormas      | torma
veg         => veges       | veg


# Words of Old English or Germanic origin that classically inflect to "-en" or "-ne"...

anlage      =>  anlages     |  anlagen
auslese     =>  ausleses    |  auslesen
autobahn    =>  autobahns   |  autobahnen
*brother     =>  brothers    |  brethren
*child       =>              |  children
*cow         =>  cows        |  kine
erf         =>  erfs        |  erven
knopper     =>  knoppers    |  knoppern
konditorei  =>  konditorei  |  konditoreien
manchild    =>              |  menchildren
ox          =>              |  oxen
--ox         =>              |  --oxen
romanze     =>              |  romanzen
terp        =>  terps       |  terpen
vlakte      =>  vlaktes     |  vlakten
womanchild  =>              |  womenchildren


# German imports that retain their native -en plurals...

Auslese               =>  Auslesen
beerenauslese         =>  beerenauslesen
bursch                =>  burschen
geisteswissenschaft   =>  geisteswissenschaften
herr                  =>  herren
lebensform            =>  lebensformen
*mensch                =>  *menschen
Spaetlese             =>  Spaetlesen
trockenbeerenauslese  =>  trockenbeerenauslesen
umwelt                =>  umwelten
vorstellung           =>  vorstellungen


# Russian imports that classically inflect natively...

apparatchik => apparatchiks | apparatchiki
ispravnik => ispravniks | ispravniki
subbotnik => subbotniks | subbotniki


# Words ending in unvoiced fricatives that classically inflect to voiced...

beef  => beefs  | beeves
*elf   =>        | elves
*hoof  => hoofs  | hooves
*knife =>        | knives
*leaf  =>        | leaves
*life  =>        | lives
*loaf  =>        | loaves
*shelf =>        | shelves
*thief =>        | thieves
turf  => turfs  | turves
wharf => wharfs | wharves
*wife  =>        | wives
*wolf  =>        | wolves


# Words whose suffixes are normally ablaut, but not in these words...

ataman      =>  atamans
Bahaman     =>  Bahamans
Burman      =>  Burmans
caiman      =>  caimans
cayman      =>  caymans
ceriman     =>  cerimans
crowfoot    =>  crowfoots
desman      =>  desmans
dolman      =>  dolmans
fanfoot     =>  fanfoots
farman      =>  farmans
flatfoot    =>  flatfoots
German      =>  Germans
harman      =>  harmans
hetman      =>  hetmans
Hiroshiman  =>  Hiroshimans
*human       =>  humans
leman       =>  lemans
Liman       =>  Limans
lowlife     =>  lowlifes
mongoose    =>  mongooses
Nakayaman   =>  Nakayamans
Norman      =>  Normans
Oklahoman   =>  Oklahomans
ottoman     =>  ottomans
Panaman     =>  Panamans
Roman       =>  Romans
sabertooth  =>  sabertooths
Selman      =>  Selmans
shaman      =>  shamans
Sonaman     =>  Sonamans
switchfoot  =>  switchfoots
Tacoman     =>  Tacomans
talisman    =>  talismans
talouse     =>  talouses
tenderfoot  =>  tenderfoots
Yakiman     =>  Yakimans
Yokohaman   =>  Yokohamans
Yuman       =>  Yumans

# Words whose suffixes are ablaut, but not classically...

yarraman   => yarramen | yarramans
dragoman   => dragomen | dragomans

# Words with ablaut plurals...

*foot       =>  feet
*goose      =>  geese
*louse      =>  lice
*man        =>  men
manservant  =>  menservants
*mouse      =>  mice
*tooth      =>  teeth


# Words ending in "-z" and "-ze" that don't double the "z" for the plural...

batz    =>  batzes
blitz   =>  blitzes
chintz  =>  chintzes
coz     =>  cozes
quartz  =>  quartzes
snooze  =>  snoozes
topaz   =>  topazes
waltz   =>  waltzes


# Words whose plurals end in "-zzes" but whose singulars end in "-zz"...

*buzz   => buzzes
*fizz   => fizzes
*frizz  => frizzes
*fuzz   => fuzzes
*jazz   => jazzes
muzz   => muzzes
razz   => razzes
sizz   => sizzes
zizz   => zizzes


# Greek imports ending in "-x" that classically inflect to "-kes"

larnax  =>         | larnakes
kylix   => kylixes | kylikes


# Greek imports ending in "-os" that always inflect to "-oi"

kantharos  =>  kantharoi
kernos     =>  kernoi
kouros     =>  kouroi
mythos     =>  mythoi
phallos    =>  phalloi
pharmakos  =>  pharmakoi
pithos     =>  pithoi
stichos    =>  stichoi
strategos  =>  strategoi
thalamos   =>  thalamoi
tholos     =>  tholoi
topos      =>  topoi


# Greek imports ending in "-s" that classically inflect to "-des"

aphis       =>                |  aphides
apsis       =>                |  apsides
caryopsis   =>                |  caryopsides
chrysalis   =>  chrysalises   |  chrysalides
cinclis     =>                |  cinclides
clitoris    =>  clitorises    |  clitorides
cuspis      =>                |  cuspides
dipsas      =>                |  dipsades
ephelis     =>                |  ephelides
ephemeris   =>  ephemerises   |  ephemerides
epididymis  =>  epididymises  |  epididymides
iris        =>  irises        |  irides
meliceris   =>                |  melicerides
meris       =>                |  merides
monas       =>                |  monades
monorchis   =>                |  monorchides
oxyuris     =>                |  oxyurides
parapsis    =>                |  parapsides
pes         =>                |  pedes
pholas      =>                |  pholades
*proboscis   =>  proboscises   |  proboscides
proglottis  =>                |  proglottides
pycnis      =>                |  pycnides
pyralis     =>                |  pyralides
tropis      =>                |  tropides
vasculitis  =>  vasculitises  |  vasculitides

# Greek imports ending in "-es" that classically inflect to "-ites"

fomes     =>    |  fomites
limes     =>    |  limites
satelles  =>    |  satellites
stipes    =>    |  stipites
termes    =>    |  termites

# Greek imports ending in "-a" that classically inflect to "-ata"

acroama          =>                    |  acroamata
anathema         =>  anathemas         |  anathemata
angioma          =>                    |  angiomata
astrocytoma      =>  astrocytomas      |  astrocytomata
*bema             =>  bemas             |  bemata
blastema         =>                    |  blastemata
bregma           =>                    |  bregmata
carcinoma        =>  carcinomas        |  carcinomata
cathisma         =>                    |  cathismata
cementoma        =>                    |  cementomata
charisma         =>  charismas         |  charismata
chromonema       =>                    |  chromonemata
cystoma          =>                    |  cystomata
desma            =>  desmas            |  desmata
diastema         =>                    |  diastemata
diploma          =>  diplomas          |  diplomata
dogma            =>  dogmas            |  dogmata
*drama            =>  dramas            |
*edema            =>  edemas            |  edemata
emblema          =>                    |  emblememata
embryoma         =>                    |  embryomata
endothelioma     =>                    |  endotheliomata
enema            =>  enemas            |  enemata
enigma           =>  enigmas           |  enigmata
epithelioma      =>                    |  epitheliomata
exanthema        =>                    |  exanthemata
fibroma          =>                    |  fibromata
glioma           =>                    |  gliomata
gliosarcoma      =>                    |  gliosarcomata
gumma            =>  gummas            |  gummata
haemangioma      =>  haemangiomas      |  haemangiomata
hemangeioma      =>  hemangeiomas      |  hemangeiomata
hemangioma       =>  hemangiomas       |  hemangiomata
hypoderma        =>                    |  hypodermata
*lemma            =>  lemmas            |  lemmata
leproma          =>  lepromas          |  lepromata
lipoma           =>                    |  lipomata
loma             =>                    |  lomata
lymphangioma     =>                    |  lymphangiomata
lymphoma         =>  lymphomas         |  lymphomata
magma            =>  magmas            |  magmata
malagma          =>                    |  malagmata
medulloblastoma  =>  medulloblastomas  |  medulloblastomata
melanoma         =>  melanomas         |  melanomata
melisma          =>  melismas          |  melismata
meningioma       =>  meningiomas       |  meningiomata
mesothelioma     =>  mesotheliomas     |  mesotheliomata
miasma           =>  miasmas           |  miasmata
mycoplasma       =>  mycoplasmas       |  mycoplasmata
myeloma          =>  myelomas          |  myelomata
myxoma           =>                    |  myxomata
neuma            =>  neumas            |  neumata
neurinoma        =>  neurinomas        |  neurinomata
neuroma          =>                    |  neuromata
noema            =>                    |  noemata
nomisma          =>                    |  nomismata
nucleolonema     =>  nucleolonemas     |  nucleolonemata
oedema           =>  oedemas           |  oedemata
osteoclastoma    =>  osteoclastomas    |  osteoclastomata
osteoma          =>                    |  osteomata
papilloma        =>                    |  papillomata
paraganglioma    =>  paragangliomas    |  paragangliomata
parenchyma       =>                    |  parenchymata
phragma          =>                    |  phragmata
phyma            =>                    |  phymata
plasmoma         =>                    |  plasmomata
pragma           =>  pragmas           |  pragmata
programma        =>                    |  programmata
progymnasma      =>                    |  progymnasmata
protonema        =>                    |  protonemata
psammoma         =>                    |  psammomata
pseudostoma      =>                    |  pseudostomata
pteroma          =>                    |  pteromata
regma            =>                    |  regmata
rhinophyma       =>  rhinophymas       |  rhinophymata
rhizoma          =>  rhizomas          |  rhizomata
*sarcoma          =>  sarcomas          |  sarcomata
schema           =>  schemas           |  schemata
schisma          =>                    |  schismata
scotoma          =>  scotomas          |  scotomata
sema             =>  semas             |  semata
soma             =>  somas             |  somata
sperma           =>                    |  spermata
stemma           =>                    |  stemmata
sterigma         =>                    |  sterigmata
stigma           =>  stigmas           |  stigmata
*stoma            =>  stomas            |  stomata
stroma           =>                    |  stromata
symplasma        =>                    |  symplasmata
syntagma         =>  syntagmas         |  syntagmata
syphiloma        =>                    |  syphilomata
tagma            =>                    |  tagmata
teratoma         =>                    |  teratomata
thema            =>                    |  themata
toxoplasma       =>                    |  toxoplasmata
trauma           =>  traumas           |  traumata
treponema        =>                    |  treponemata
trichoma         =>                    |  trichomata
tuberculoma      =>  tuberculomas      |  tuberculomata
xanthoma         =>  xanthomas         |  xanthomata
zygoma           =>  zygomas           |  zygomata


# Latin imports ending in "-a" that classically inflect to "-ae"...

abscissa        =>  abscissas        |  abscissae
acicula         =>                   |  aciculae
actinia         =>  actinias         |  actiniae
agape           =>  agapes           |  agapae
agora           =>                   |  agorae
ala             =>                   |  alae
alga            =>                   |  algae
alula           =>                   |  alulae
alumna          =>                   |  alumnae
amoeba          =>  amoebas          |  amoebae
amphora         =>                   |  amphorae
angustia        =>                   |  angustiae
anta            =>                   |  antae
antenna         =>  antennas         |  antennae
areola          =>                   |  areolae
arista          =>                   |  aristae
arrha           =>                   |  arrhae
asterias        =>                   |  asteriae
aurora          =>  auroras          |  aurorae
axilla          =>                   |  axillae
ballista        =>  ballistas        |  ballistae
basilica        =>  basilicas        |  basilicae
blemya          =>                   |  blemyae
bulla           =>                   |  bullae
bursa           =>                   |  bursae
cavea           =>                   |  caveae
celia           =>                   |  celiae
chaeta          =>                   |  chaetae
chlamydia       =>  chlamydias       |  chlamydiae
choana          =>                   |  choanae
chorda          =>                   |  chordae
clausula        =>                   |  clausulae
clavula         =>                   |  clavulae
clepsydra       =>  clepsydras       |  clepsydrae
coelia          =>                   |  coeliae
columna         =>                   |  columnae
coma            =>                   |  comae
comatula        =>                   |  comatulae
conferva        =>                   |  confervae
corona          =>  coronas          |  coronae
costa           =>                   |  costae
crista          =>                   |  cristae
crusta          =>                   |  crustae
cyphella        =>                   |  cyphellae
differentia     =>                   |  differentiae
diporpa         =>                   |  diporpae
ephemera        =>  ephemeras        |  ephemerae
fabella         =>                   |  fabellae
faecula         =>                   |  faeculae
familia         =>                   |  familiae
fascia          =>  fascias          |  fasciae
fauna           =>  faunas           |  faunae
favella         =>                   |  favellae
favissa         =>                   |  favissae
fecula          =>                   |  feculae
fenestra        =>                   |  fenestrae
fibra           =>                   |  fibrae
fibrilla        =>                   |  fibrillae
fibula          =>  fibulas          |  fibulae
filaria         =>  filarias         |  filariae
flora           =>  floras           |  florae
formula         =>  formulas         |  formulae
fossa           =>                   |  fossae
gemma           =>                   |  gemmae
gena            =>                   |  genae
globigerina     =>                   |  globigerinae
gorgonia        =>  gorgonias        |  gorgoniae
granula         =>                   |  granulae
hemera          =>                   |  hemerae
hernia          =>  hernias          |  herniae
holothuria      =>  holothurias      |  holothuriae
hydra           =>  hydras           |  hydrae
hydria          =>                   |  hydriae
hyperbola       =>  hyperbolas       |  hyperbolae
hypha           =>                   |  hyphae
indigena        =>                   |  indigenae
insula          =>                   |  insulae
intermaxilla    =>                   |  intermaxillae
lacinia         =>                   |  laciniae
lacuna          =>  lacunas          |  lacunae
lamella         =>                   |  lamellae
lamina          =>                   |  laminae
lapith          =>  lapiths          |  lapithae
legionella      =>                   |  legionellae
leishmania      =>  leishmanias      |  leishmaniae
leptospira      =>                   |  leptospirae
linea           =>                   |  lineae
lingula         =>                   |  lingulae
listerella      =>  listerellas      |  listerellae
lyssa           =>                   |  lyssae
macula          =>  maculas          |  maculae
maxilla         =>                   |  maxillae
medusa          =>  medusas          |  medusae
melastoma       =>  melastomas       |  melastomae
meta            =>                   |  metae
miliola         =>                   |  miliolae
mimosa          =>  mimosas          |  mimosae
minutia         =>  minutias         |  minutiae
monota          =>                   |  monotae
multigravida    =>  multigravidas    |  multigravidae
musa            =>  musas            |  musae
mya             =>  myas             |  myae
mycorhiza       =>  mycorhizas       |  mycorhizae
mycorrhiza      =>  mycorrhizas      |  mycorrhizae
naumachia       =>  naumachias       |  naumachiae
nebula          =>  nebulas          |  nebulae
nerita          =>  neritas          |  neritae
neurula         =>                   |  neurulae
noctiluca       =>                   |  noctilucae
*nova            =>  novas            |  novae
noxa            =>                   |  noxae
nubecula        =>                   |  nubeculae
nympha          =>                   |  nymphae
pala            =>                   |  palae
palea           =>                   |  paleae
palpebra        =>                   |  palpebrae
panorpa         =>                   |  panorpae
papilla         =>                   |  papillae
papula          =>                   |  papulae
parabola        =>  parabolas        |  parabolae
paraglossa      =>                   |  paraglossae
parapleura      =>  parapleura
paraselene      =>                   |  paraselenae
pasteurella     =>  pasteurellas     |  pasteurellae
patera          =>                   |  paterae
paxilla         =>                   |  paxillae
pecia           =>  pecias           |  peciae
pedicellaria    =>                   |  pedicellariae
pelta           =>                   |  peltae
peninsula       =>  peninsulas       |  peninsulae
persona         =>  personas         |  personae
phlegmasia      =>                   |  phlegmasiae
phoca           =>  phocas           |  phocae
phyle           =>                   |  phylae
phyllobranchia  =>                   |  phyllobranchiae
pinna           =>  pinnas           |  pinnae
piscina         =>  piscinas         |  piscinae
planula         =>                   |  planulae
plasmalemma     =>  plasmalemmas     |  plasmalemmae
pleura          =>  pleura           |
plica           =>                   |  plicae
prepenna        =>                   |  prepennae
primigravida    =>                   |  primigravidae
procoelia       =>                   |  procoeliae
prora           =>                   |  prorae
prosa           =>                   |  prosae
proscolla       =>                   |  proscollae
proseucha       =>                   |  proseuchae
prosula         =>                   |  prosulae
protoma         =>  protomas         |  protomae
pteryla         =>                   |  pterylae
pupa            =>                   |  pupae
pyla            =>                   |  pylae
pyrexia         =>                   |  pyrexiae
redia           =>                   |  rediae
retinula        =>                   |  retinulae
rotula          =>                   |  rotulae
ruga            =>                   |  rugae
salpa           =>  salpas           |  salpae
sarcina         =>                   |  sarcinae
sarissa         =>                   |  sarissae
saxicava        =>                   |  saxicavae
scapula         =>  scapulas         |  scapulae
scoria          =>  scorias          |  scoriae
secundagravida  =>  secundagravidas  |  secundagravidae
secundigravida  =>  secundigravidas  |  secundigravidae
secundipara     =>  secundiparas     |  secundiparae
semuncia        =>                   |  semunciae
sententia       =>                   |  sententiae
sequela         =>                   |  sequelae
serpula         =>                   |  serpulae
serra           =>                   |  serrae
sertularia      =>  sertularias      |  sertulariae
seta            =>                   |  setae
siliqua         =>                   |  siliquae
simia           =>                   |  simiae
situla          =>  situlas          |  situlae
spatha          =>                   |  spathae
spermatheca     =>                   |  spermathecae
squama          =>                   |  squamae
squilla         =>                   |  squillae
stalactite      =>  stalactites      |  stalactitae
statera         =>                   |  staterae
statua          =>  statuas          |  statuae
stela           =>  stelas           |  stelae
stella          =>                   |  stellae
sternebra       =>                   |  sternebrae
stigmaria       =>                   |  stigmariae
stipula         =>  stipulas         |  stipulae
stria           =>                   |  striae
striga          =>                   |  strigae
striola         =>                   |  striolae
strobila        =>                   |  strobilae
struma          =>                   |  strumae
stryddag        =>                   |  stryddae
succinea        =>  succineas        |  succineae
summa           =>                   |  summae
supernova       =>  supernovas       |  supernovae
suprascapula    =>                   |  suprascapulae
synaesthesia    =>                   |  synaesthesiae
synapticula     =>  synapticulas     |
synechia        =>                   |  synechiae
synesthesia     =>                   |  synesthesiae
synusia         =>                   |  synusiae
tabella         =>                   |  tabellae
tabula          =>                   |  tabulae
taenia          =>  taenias          |  taeniae
talea           =>                   |  taleae
tegula          =>                   |  tegulae
tenia           =>  tenias           |  teniae
terebratula     =>  terebratulas     |  terebratulae
tessella        =>  tessellas        |  tessellae
tessera         =>                   |  tesserae
theca           =>                   |  thecae
tibia           =>                   |  tibiae
tipula          =>                   |  tipulae
torula          =>                   |  torulae
trabea          =>                   |  trabeae
trabecula       =>                   |  trabeculae
trachea         =>                   |  tracheae
trichina        =>  trichine         |  trichinae
*umbra           =>  umbras           |  umbrae
uncia           =>                   |  unciae
usnea           =>  usneas           |  usneae
utricularia     =>                   |  utriculariae
uva             =>                   |  uvae
vagina          =>  vaginas          |  vaginae
vaginula        =>                   |  vaginulae
vallecula       =>                   |  valleculae
valvula         =>                   |  valvulae
vena            =>                   |  venae
verruca         =>                   |  verrucae
vertebra        =>                   |  vertebrae
vesicula        =>                   |  vesiculae
virga           =>                   |  virgae
vitta           =>                   |  vittae
vomica          =>  vomicas          |  vomicae
zoaea           =>                   |  zoaeae
zoea            =>  zoeas            |  zoeae
zooea           =>                   |  zooeae

# Latin imports ending in "-men" that classically inflect to "-mina"...

foramen       => foramens       | foramina
gravamen      =>                | gravamina
legumen       => legumens       | legumina
*lumen         => lumens         | lumina
molimen       =>                | molimina
numen         =>                | numina
representamen => representamens | representamina
stamen        => stamen         | stamina
tegmen        =>                | tegmina
tentamen      =>                | tentamina
velamen       =>                | velamina


# Miscellaneous Latin imports that retain classical inflections...

centumvir  =>             |  centumviri
corpus     =>  corpuses   |  corpora
duumvir    =>  duumvirs   |  duumviri
femur      =>  femurs     |  femora
lemur      =>  lemurs     |  lemures
septemvir  =>             |  septemviri
triumvir   =>  triumvirs  |  triumviri


# Latin imports ending in "-um" that classically inflect to "-a"...

abortorium       =>                 |  abortoria
abstractum       =>                 |  abstracta
addendum         =>  addendums      |  addenda
adminiculum      =>                 |  adminicula
adytum           =>                 |  adyta
aecidium         =>                 |  aecidia
agendum          =>                 |  agenda
alluvium         =>  alluviums      |  alluvia
ambulacrum       =>                 |  ambulacra
amentum          =>                 |  amenta
anthodium        =>                 |  anthodia
antiserum        =>                 |  antisera
antrum           =>                 |  antra
apothecium       =>                 |  apothecia
appressorium     =>                 |  appressoria
apterium         =>                 |  apteria
aquarium         =>  aquariums      |  aquaria
arboretum        =>                 |  arboreta
arcanum          =>                 |  arcana
archegonium      =>                 |  archegonia
arcosolium       =>                 |  arcosolia
argumentum       =>                 |  argumenta
ascidium         =>                 |  ascidia
asylum           =>  asylums        |  asyla
avicularium      =>                 |  avicularia
axopodium        =>                 |  axopodia
bacterium        =>                 |  bacteria
bifolium         =>                 |  bifolia
caecum           =>                 |  caeca
calamistrum      =>                 |  calamistra
candelabrum      =>                 |  candelabra
castrum          =>                 |  castra
cecidium         =>                 |  cecidia
chromidium       =>                 |  chromidia
claustrum        =>                 |  claustra
cleithrum        =>                 |  cleithra
clostridium      =>                 |  clostridia
coagulum         =>                 |  coagula
coccidium        =>                 |  coccidia
collegium        =>                 |  collegia
columbarium      =>                 |  columbaria
compendium       =>  compendiums    |  compendia
confluvium       =>                 |  confluvia
conidium         =>                 |  conidia
consortium       =>  consortiums    |  consortia
contagium        =>                 |  contagia
contrafactum     =>                 |  contrafacta
corpusculum      =>                 |  corpuscula
corrigendum      =>                 |  corrigenda
cranium          =>  craniums       |  crania
craspedum        =>                 |  craspeda
cubiculum        =>                 |  cubicula
curriculum       =>  curriculums    |  curricula
cystidium        =>                 |  cystidia
*datum            =>                 |  data
decennium        =>                 |  decennia
delirium         =>  deliriums      |  deliria
denotatum        =>                 |  denotata
dentalium        =>                 |  dentalia
depositum        =>  depositums     |  deposita
descriptum       =>                 |  descripta
desideratum      =>                 |  desiderata
designatum       =>                 |  designata
dichasium        =>                 |  dichasia
dictum           =>  dictums        |  dicta
diverticulum     =>                 |  diverticula
dolphinarium     =>  dolphinariums  |  dolphinaria
emporium         =>  emporiums      |  emporia
enconium         =>  enconiums      |  enconia
epicardium       =>                 |  epicardia
equinoctium      =>  equinoctiums   |  equinoctia
equisetum        =>  equisetums     |  equiseta
ergastulum       =>                 |  ergastula
erratum          =>                 |  errata
exemplum         =>                 |  exempla
explanandum      =>                 |  explananda
explicandum      =>                 |  explicanda
extremum         =>  extremums      |  extrema
faciendum        =>                 |  facienda
flabellum        =>                 |  flabella
flagellum        =>                 |  flagella
forum            =>  forums         |  fora
fraenum          =>                 |  fraena
frustulum        =>                 |  frustula
frustum          =>  frustums       |  frusta
fulcrum          =>                 |  fulcra
gametangium      =>                 |  gametangia
germarium        =>                 |  germaria
glochidium       =>                 |  glochidia
gonangium        =>                 |  gonangia
gonidium         =>                 |  gonidia
gonimium         =>                 |  gonimia
gubernaculum     =>                 |  gubernacula
gymnasium        =>  gymnasiums     |  gymnasia
halteridium      =>                 |  halteridia
haustellum       =>                 |  haustella
haustorium       =>                 |  haustoria
haustrum         =>                 |  haustra
hemelytrum       =>                 |  hemelytra
honorarium       =>  honorariums    |  honoraria
hordeolum        =>                 |  hordeola
hormogonium      =>                 |  hormogonia
hymenium         =>                 |  hymenia
hymnarium        =>                 |  hymnaria
hypnum           =>  hypnums        |  hypna
idolum           =>                 |  idola
ilium            =>                 |  ilia
improperium      =>                 |  improperia
indicium         =>                 |  indicia
individuum       =>  individuums    |  individua
indumentum       =>                 |  indumenta
indusium         =>                 |  indusia
inhalatorium     =>                 |  inhalatoria
inoculum         =>                 |  inocula
interambulacrum  =>                 |  interambulacra
intermedium      =>                 |  intermedia
internodium      =>                 |  internodia
interregnum      =>  interregnums   |  interregna
interstitium     =>  interstitiums  |  interstitia
intervallum      =>  intervallums   |  intervalla
involucrum       =>                 |  involucra
ischium          =>                 |  ischia
isidium          =>                 |  isidia
judicatum        =>                 |  judicata
jugum            =>                 |  juga
labrum           =>                 |  labra
leprosarium      =>                 |  leprosaria
ligamentum       =>                 |  ligamenta
lixivium         =>                 |  lixivia
lomentum         =>                 |  lomenta
lorum            =>                 |  lora
lustrum          =>  lustrums       |  lustra
manubrium        =>  manubriums     |  manubria
mausoleum        =>  mausoleums     |  mausolea
maximum          =>  maximums       |  maxima
mediastinum      =>                 |  mediastina
medium           =>  mediums        |  media
megatherium      =>                 |  megatheria
memorandum       =>  memorandums    |  memoranda
mesothelium      =>                 |  mesothelia
millennium       =>  millenniums    |  millennia
minimum          =>  minimums       |  minima
miracidium       =>                 |  miracidia
mithraeum        =>                 |  mithraea
momentum         =>  momentums      |  momenta
monochasium      =>                 |  monochasia
moratorium       =>  moratoriums    |  moratoria
mortarium        =>                 |  mortaria
municipium       =>                 |  municipia
nemathecium      =>                 |  nemathecia
nephridium       =>                 |  nephridia
nodum            =>                 |  noda
oceanarium       =>                 |  oceanaria
odeum            =>                 |  odea
olfactorium      =>                 |  olfactoria
omentum          =>                 |  omenta
ommatidium       =>                 |  ommatidia
operculum        =>                 |  opercula
optimum          =>  optimums       |  optima
opusculum        =>                 |  opuscula
osculum          =>                 |  oscula
osmaterium       =>                 |  osmateria
osmeterium       =>                 |  osmeteria
ossiculum        =>                 |  ossicula
ostium           =>                 |  ostia
ovarium          =>                 |  ovaria
ovulum           =>                 |  ovula
ovum             =>                 |  ova
pallium          =>                 |  pallia
parapleurum      =>                 |  parapleura
patagium         =>                 |  patagia
pediluvium       =>                 |  pediluvia
pendulum         =>  pendulums      |  pendula
perceptum        =>                 |  percepta
peridium         =>                 |  peridia
perithecium      =>                 |  perithecia
peronium         =>                 |  peronia
phalangium       =>                 |  phalangia
phylum           =>  phylums        |  phyla
phyogemmarium    =>                 |  phyogemmaria
pinetum          =>  pinetums       |  pineta
pistillidium     =>                 |  pistillidia
placitum         =>                 |  placita
plasmodium       =>                 |  plasmodia
plasmolyticum    =>                 |  plasmolytica
plectrum         =>                 |  plectra
plenarium        =>                 |  plenaria
pleurum          =>                 |  pleura
poculum          =>                 |  pocula
podetium         =>                 |  podetia
podium           =>  podiums        |  podia
pollinarium      =>                 |  pollinaria
pollinium        =>                 |  pollinia
polythecium      =>                 |  polythecia
portiforium      =>                 |  portiforia
postulatum       =>                 |  postulata
praecognitum     =>                 |  praecognita
precognitum      =>                 |  precognita
primordium       =>                 |  primordia
principium       =>                 |  principia
profluvium       =>                 |  profluvia
progymnasium     =>                 |  progymnasia
prolabium        =>                 |  prolabia
propodium        =>                 |  propodia
proprium         =>                 |  propria
propylaeum       =>                 |  propylaea
proscenium       =>                 |  proscenia
prosopium        =>                 |  prosopia
prothallium      =>                 |  prothallia
pseudopodium     =>                 |  pseudopodia
psydracium       =>                 |  psydracia
pulmonarium      =>                 |  pulmonaria
pulsellum        =>                 |  pulsella
punctum          =>                 |  puncta
pycnidium        =>                 |  pycnidia
pycnium          =>                 |  pycnia
pyxidium         =>                 |  pyxidia
quaesitum        =>                 |  quaesita
quantum          =>  quantums       |  quanta
quinquennium     =>                 |  quinquennia
referendum       =>  referendums    |  referenda
refugium         =>                 |  refugia
relatum          =>                 |  relata
replum           =>                 |  repla
residuum         =>  residuums      |  residua
responsum        =>                 |  responsa
retinaculum      =>                 |  retinacula
rhopalium        =>                 |  rhopalia
rhynchodaeum     =>                 |  rhynchodaea
rostrum          =>  rostrums       |  rostra
sacellum         =>                 |  sacella
sacrarium        =>                 |  sacraria
sacrum           =>  sacrums        |  sacra
sagum            =>                 |  saga
salivarium       =>                 |  salivaria
sanatorium       =>  sanatoriums    |  sanatoria
schistosomulum   =>                 |  schistosomula
scholium         =>                 |  scholia
scolopidium      =>                 |  scolopidia
scriptorium      =>  scriptoriums   |  scriptoria
scutellum        =>                 |  scutella
scutulum         =>                 |  scutula
scutum           =>                 |  scuta
seaquarium       =>                 |  seaquaria
secretum         =>                 |  secreta
seminium         =>                 |  seminia
sensedatum       =>                 |  sensedata
sensillum        =>                 |  sensilla
sensoriolum      =>                 |  sensoriola
sensum           =>                 |  sensa
septarium        =>                 |  septaria
septum           =>                 |  septa
sequestrum       =>                 |  sequestra
sericterium      =>                 |  sericteria
serum            =>  serums         |  sera
sestertium       =>                 |  sestertia
signum           =>                 |  signa
simpulum         =>                 |  simpula
simulacrum       =>  simulacrums    |  simulacra
sistrum          =>  sistrums       |  sistra
solarium         =>                 |  solaria
solenium         =>                 |  solenia
solstitium       =>                 |  solstitia
soralium         =>                 |  soralia
soredium         =>                 |  soredia
spectrum         =>  spectrums      |  spectra
speculum         =>  speculums      |  specula
spermarium       =>                 |  spermaria
spermatium       =>                 |  spermatia
spermogonium     =>                 |  spermogonia
sphagnum         =>  sphagnums      |  sphagna
spiculum         =>                 |  spicula
spiraculum       =>                 |  spiracula
spirillum        =>                 |  spirilla
sporodochium     =>                 |  sporodochia
sputum           =>                 |  sputa
stabilimentum    =>                 |  stabilimenta
stadium          =>  stadiums       |  stadia
staminidium      =>                 |  staminidia
sternum          =>  sternums       |  sterna
stichidium       =>                 |  stichidia
stillicidium     =>                 |  stillicidia
stomatium        =>                 |  stomatia
*stratum          =>  stratums       |  strata
striatum         =>                 |  striata
stylopodium      =>                 |  stylopodia
subsellium       =>                 |  subsellia
subsidium        =>                 |  subsidia
substratum       =>  substratums    |  substrata
suggestum        =>  suggestums     |  suggesta
supercilium      =>                 |  supercilia
superstratum     =>                 |  superstrata
suppositum       =>                 |  supposita
supracleithrum   =>                 |  supracleithra
sustentaculum    =>                 |  sustentacula
syllabarium      =>                 |  syllabaria
sympodium        =>                 |  sympodia
symposium        =>  symposiums     |  symposia
synangium        =>                 |  synangia
synapticulum     =>                 |  synapticula
synaxarium       =>                 |  synaxaria
syncytium        =>                 |  syncytia
syndendrium      =>                 |  syndendria
synedrium        =>                 |  synedria
tablinum         =>                 |  tablina
tegmentum        =>                 |  tegmenta
telium           =>                 |  telia
tenaculum        =>                 |  tenacula
tentaculum       =>                 |  tentacula
tepidarium       =>                 |  tepidaria
terebellum       =>                 |  terebella
tergum           =>                 |  terga
terrarium        =>  terrariums     |  terraria
territorium      =>                 |  territoria
tetrasporangium  =>                 |  tetrasporangia
thanatorium      =>                 |  thanatoria
thelycum         =>                 |  thelyca
thyridium        =>                 |  thyridia
tintinnabulum    =>                 |  tintinnabula
tomium           =>                 |  tomia
toxicum          =>                 |  toxica
tractellum       =>                 |  tractella
trapezium        =>  trapeziums     |  trapezia
trichidium       =>                 |  trichidia
triclinium       =>                 |  triclinia
triforium        =>                 |  triforia
triplum          =>                 |  tripla
tropaeolum       =>  tropaeolums    |  tropaeola
tuberculum       =>                 |  tubercula
tympanum         =>                 |  tympana
ultimatum        =>  ultimatums     |  ultimata
uredinium        =>                 |  uredinia
uredium          =>                 |  uredia
urodaeum         =>                 |  urodaea
urodeum          =>                 |  urodea
vacuum           =>  vacuums        |  vacua
vasculum         =>  vasculums      |  vascula
vehiculum        =>                 |  vehicula
velarium         =>                 |  velaria
velum            =>  velums         |  vela
vestigium        =>                 |  vestigia
viaticum         =>                 |  viatica
vibraculum       =>                 |  vibracula
vinculum         =>                 |  vincula
vitellarium      =>                 |  vitellaria
vivarium         =>  vivariums      |  vivaria
vomitorium       =>  vomitoriums    |  vomitoria
zoarium          =>                 |  zoaria
zooecium         =>                 |  zooecia
zoosporangium    =>                 |  zoosporangia
zygantrum        =>                 |  zygantra

# Latin imports ending in "-us" that classically inflect to "-i"

acarus          =>                  |  acari
acinus          =>                  |  acini
aculeus         =>                  |  aculei
alumnus         =>                  |  alumni
alveolus        =>                  |  alveoli
aptychus        =>                  |  aptychi
aureus          =>                  |  aurei
*bacillus        =>                  |  bacilli
bronchus        =>                  |  bronchi
bulimus         =>                  |  bulimi
cactus          =>  cactuses        |  cacti
caduceus        =>                  |  caducei
calathus        =>                  |  calathi
canaliculus     =>                  |  canaliculi
cantharus       =>                  |  canthari
cardophagus     =>                  |  cardophagi
cercus          =>                  |  cerci
cistophorus     =>                  |  cistophorori
cladus          =>                  |  cladi
conductus       =>                  |  conducti
congius         =>                  |  congii
convolvulus     =>  convolvuluses   |  convolvuli
cultellus       =>                  |  cultelli
cumulus         =>                  |  cumuli
cuniculus       =>                  |  cuniculi
cyathus         =>                  |  cyathi
cynocephalus    =>                  |  cynocephali
cysticercus     =>                  |  cysticerci
denarius        =>                  |  denarii
diplococcus     =>                  |  diplococci
entrochus       =>                  |  entrochi
eucalyptus      =>  eucalyptuses    |  eucalypti
exencephalus    =>                  |  exencephali
famulus         =>                  |  famuli
fasciculus      =>                  |  fasciculi
faveolus        =>                  |  faveoli
flocculus       =>                  |  flocculi
floccus         =>                  |  flocci
focus           =>  focuses         |  foci
fucus           =>                  |  fuci
funambulus      =>                  |  funambuli
fungus          =>  funguses        |  fungi
gastrocnemius   =>                  |  gastrocnemii
gladiolus       =>  gladioluses     |  gladioli
guttus          =>                  |  gutti
gymnotus        =>                  |  gymnoti
gyrus           =>                  |  gyri
hamulus         =>                  |  hamuli
hippocampus     =>                  |  hippocampi
hippopotamus    =>  hippopotamuses  |  hippopotami
humerus         =>                  |  humeri
ichthyosaurus   =>                  |  ichthyosauri
incubus         =>  incubuses       |  incubi
interradius     =>                  |  interradii
isthmus         =>  isthmuses       |  isthmi
lactobacillus   =>                  |  lactobacilli
lemniscus       =>                  |  lemnisci
lentiscus       =>                  |  lentisci
limulus         =>                  |  limuli
lithodomus      =>                  |  lithodomi
lobulus         =>                  |  lobuli
lochus          =>                  |  lochi
loculus         =>                  |  loculi
locus           =>                  |  loci
lumbricus       =>                  |  lumbrici
macacus         =>                  |  macaci
magilus         =>                  |  magili
magus           =>                  |  magi
malleolus       =>                  |  malleoli
malleus         =>                  |  mallei
megalosaurus    =>                  |  megalosauri
meniscus        =>                  |  menisci
metatarsus      =>                  |  metatarsi
microcephalus   =>                  |  microcephali
micrococcus     =>                  |  micrococci
micronucleus    =>                  |  micronuclei
modernus        =>                  |  moderni
modius          =>                  |  modii
modulus         =>  moduluses       |  moduli
modus           =>  moduses         |  modi
nasutus         =>                  |  nasuti
nauplius        =>                  |  nauplii
nautilus        =>  nautiluses      |  nautili
nidus           =>  niduses         |  nidi
nimbus          =>  nimbuses        |  nimbi
nodus           =>                  |  nodi
nucleolus       =>  nucleoluses     |  nucleoli
*nucleus         =>                  |  nuclei
nucleus         =>  nucleuses       |  nuclei
nuntius         =>                  |  nuntii
obelus          =>                  |  obeli
obolus          =>                  |  oboli
ocellus         =>                  |  ocelli
oculus          =>                  |  oculi
ophiophagus     =>                  |  ophiophagi
palpus          =>                  |  palpi
palus           =>                  |  pali
papyrus         =>  papyruses       |  papyri
parabolanus     =>                  |  parabolani
paranucleus     =>                  |  paranuclei
penicillus      =>                  |  penicilli
perradius       =>                  |  perradii
phallus         =>  phalluses       |  phalli
pileus          =>                  |  pilei
pilus           =>                  |  pili
plesiosaurus    =>                  |  plesiosauri
pluteus         =>                  |  plutei
postnatus       =>                  |  postnati
prodromus       =>                  |  prodromi
propositus      =>                  |  propositi
protarsus       =>                  |  protarsi
prothallus      =>                  |  prothalli
protococcus     =>                  |  protococci
pteropus        =>                  |  pteropi
pullus          =>                  |  pulli
pyrophorus      =>                  |  pyrophori
quinarius       =>                  |  quinarii
radius          =>  radiuses        |  radii
ramulus         =>                  |  ramuli
ramus           =>                  |  rami
ranunculus      =>  ranunculuses    |  ranunculi
rectus          =>                  |  recti
regulus         =>                  |  reguli
rhomboideus     =>                  |  rhomboidei
rhythmus        =>                  |  rhythmi
sacculus        =>                  |  sacculi
sarcophagus     =>                  |  sarcophagi
scalenus        =>                  |  scaleni
scapus          =>                  |  scapi
scarabaeus      =>                  |  scarabaei
scarus          =>                  |  scari
sciolus         =>                  |  scioli
scyphus         =>                  |  scyphi
senarius        =>                  |  senarii
septenarius     =>                  |  septenarii
silenus         =>                  |  sileni
Silurus         =>                  |  Siluri
siphunculus     =>                  |  siphunculi
sipunculus      =>                  |  sipunculi
solvus          =>                  |  solvi
sorus           =>                  |  sori
sparus          =>                  |  spari
spasmus         =>                  |  spasmi
spondylus       =>                  |  spondyli
squalus         =>                  |  squali
staphylococcus  =>                  |  staphylococci
stimulus        =>                  |  stimuli
strategus       =>                  |  strategi
streptococcus   =>                  |  streptococci
strobilus       =>                  |  strobili
stylus          =>  styluses        |  styli
succubus        =>  succubuses      |  succubi
succus          =>                  |  succi
sulcus          =>                  |  sulci
surculus        =>                  |  surculi
syllabus        =>  syllabuses      |  syllabi
syncellus       =>                  |  syncelli
synthronus      =>                  |  synthroni
syrphus         =>                  |  syrphi
talus           =>                  |  tali
tarsus          =>                  |  tarsi
terminus        =>  terminuses      |  termini
thalamus        =>                  |  thalami
thaumaturgus    =>                  |  thaumaturgi
thesaurus       =>  thesauruses     |  thesauri
tholus          =>                  |  tholi
thymus          =>                  |  thymi
thyrsus         =>                  |  thyrsi
tornus          =>                  |  torni
torulus         =>                  |  toruli
torus           =>  toruses         |  tori
toxius          =>                  |  toxii
tragus          =>                  |  tragi
trapezius       =>                  |  trapezii
triradius       =>                  |  triradii
trochus         =>  trochuses       |  trochi
tubulus         =>                  |  tubuli
tumulus         =>                  |  tumuli
umbilicus       =>  umbilicuses     |  umbilici
uncinus         =>                  |  uncini
uncus           =>                  |  unci
uraeus          =>                  |  uraei
uredosorus      =>                  |  uredosori
urus            =>  uruses          |  uri
uterus          =>  uteruses        |  uteri
vagus           =>                  |  vagi
vermiculus      =>                  |  vermiculi
versiculus      =>                  |  versiculi
verticillus     =>                  |  verticilli
villus          =>                  |  villi
xiphopagus      =>                  |  xiphopagi
xystus          =>                  |  xysti
zoophorus       =>                  |  zoophori
zophorus        =>                  |  zophori


# Latin imports ending in "-is" that classically inflect to "-es"...

axis        =>            |  axes
caulis      =>            |  caules
didymis     =>            |  didymes
follis      =>            |  folles
interaxis   =>            |  interaxes
pelvis      =>  pelvises  |  pelves
penis       =>  penises   |  penes
phototaxis  =>            |  phototaxes
postpubis   =>            |  postpubes
proavis     =>            |  proaves
synaxis     =>            |  synaxes
syntaxis    =>            |  syntaxes
syrtis      =>            |  syrtes
taxis       =>            |  taxes
tenuis      =>            |  tenues
testis      =>            |  testes
unguis      =>            |  ungues


# Latin imports ending in "-us" that classically don't inflect...

apparatus   =>  apparatuses   |  apparatus
cantus      =>  cantuses      |  cantus
coitus      =>  coituses      |  coitus
hiatus      =>  hiatuses      |  hiatus
ignoramus   =>  ignoramuses   |  ignoramus
impetus     =>  impetuses     |  impetus
jacobus     =>  jacobuses     |  jacobus
meatus      =>  meatuses      |  meatus
nexus       =>  nexuses       |  nexus
plexus      =>  plexuses      |  plexus
prospectus  =>  prospectuses  |  prospectus
sinus       =>  sinuses       |  sinus
status      =>  statuses      |  status
virus       =>  viruses       |
# Not correct, but occasionally (mis)used
virus       =>                |  viri
# Even less defensible, and widely (mis)used
virus       =>                |  virii


# Greek imports ending in "-on" that classically inflect to "-a"...

anacoluthon        =>  anacoluthons    |  anacolutha
anthemion          =>                  |  anthemia
aphelion           =>                  |  aphelia
asyndeton          =>                  |  asyndeta
craspedon          =>                  |  craspeda
criterion          =>                  |  criteria
enteron            =>                  |  entera
epilimnion         =>                  |  epilimnia
epimeron           =>                  |  epimera
epiphenomenon      =>                  |  epiphenomena
epyllion           =>                  |  epyllia
euporiston         =>                  |  euporista
ganglion           =>  ganglions       |  ganglia
hapteron           =>                  |  haptera
*hedron             =>  hedrons         |  hedra
*helion             =>  helions         |  helia
hydraulicon        =>                  |  hydraulica
hyperbaton         =>                  |  hyperbata
hypolimnion        =>                  |  hypolimnia
idolon             =>                  |  idola
interphenomenon    =>                  |  interphenomena
*legomenon          =>                  |  legomena
lepton             =>                  |  lepta
lithophyton        =>                  |  lithophyta
logion             =>                  |  logia
metalimnion        =>                  |  metalimnia
metapleuron        =>                  |  metapleura
microbion          =>                  |  microbia
mitochondrion      =>                  |  mitochondria
mixolimnion        =>                  |  mixolimnia
monimolimnion      =>                  |  monimolimnia
monosyllabon       =>                  |  monosyllaba
monoxylon          =>                  |  monoxyla
noumenon           =>                  |  noumena
octohedron         =>  octohedrons     |  octohedra
organon            =>                  |  organa
oxybaphon          =>                  |  oxybapha
oxymoron           =>  oxymorons       |  oxymora
paraganglion       =>                  |  paraganglia
parergon           =>                  |  parerga
parhelion          =>  parhelions      |  parhelia
parison            =>                  |  parisa
pedion             =>                  |  pedia
perikaryon         =>                  |  perikarya
*phenomenon         =>                  |  phenomena
pleuron            =>                  |  pleura
podion             =>                  |  podia
porion             =>                  |  poria
prokaryon          =>                  |  prokarya
prolegomenon       =>                  |  prolegomena
propleuron         =>                  |  propleura
propylon           =>  propylons       |  propyla
prosencephalon     =>                  |  prosencephala
prosodiencephalon  =>                  |  prosodiencephala
prototypon         =>  prototypons     |  prototypa
protypon           =>                  |  protypa
pyramidion         =>  pyramidions     |  pyramidia
rhododendron       =>  rhododendrons   |  rhododendra
rhombohedron       =>  rhombohedrons   |  rhombohedra
spermatoon         =>                  |  spermatoa
stasimon           =>  stasimons       |  stasima
stephanion         =>  stephanions     |  stephania
stomion            =>                  |  stomia
synaxarion         =>                  |  synaxaria
synedrion          =>                  |  synedria
taxon              =>                  |  taxa
tetracolon         =>                  |  tetracola
tetragrammaton     =>                  |  tetragrammata
tetrahedron        =>  tetrahedrons    |  tetrahedra
tetrapleuron       =>  tetrapleurons   |  tetrapleura
theologoumenon     =>                  |  theologoumena
thymiaterion       =>                  |  thymiateria
trapezohedron      =>  trapezohedrons  |  trapezohedra
troparion          =>                  |  troparia
xiphiplastron      =>                  |  xiphiplastra
xiphoplastron      =>                  |  xiphoplastra
xoanon             =>                  |  xoana
zygon              =>                  |  zyga


# Spanish imports that classically inflect as in Spanish...

cargador  =>          | cargadores
furfur    =>          | furfures
parador   => paradors | paradores
temblor   =>          | temblores
carmen    => carmens  | carmina


# Italian imports that (mostly) inflect classically to "-i"

albergo         =>                  |  alberghi
allargando      =>                  |  allargandi
amoretto        =>                  |  amoretti
amorino         =>                  |  amorini
ballabile       =>                  |  ballabili
bozzetto        =>                  |  bozzetti
carabiniere     =>                  |  carabinieri
cassone         =>  cassones        |  cassoni
castrato        =>                  |  castrati
centesimo       =>                  |  centesimi
chitarrone      =>                  |  chitarroni
cognoscente     =>                  |  cognoscenti
concetto        =>                  |  concetti
condottiere     =>                  |  condottieri
conoscente      =>                  |  conoscenti
contadino       =>                  |  contadini
conversazione   =>  conversaziones  |  conversazioni
cornetto        =>                  |  cornetti
corno           =>                  |  corni
dilettante      =>  dilettantes     |  dilettanti
evirato         =>                  |  evirati
figurante       =>  figurantes      |  figuranti
frate           =>                  |  frati
graffito        =>                  |  graffiti
grano           =>                  |  grani
grissino        =>                  |  grissini
improvisatrice  =>                  |  improvisatrici
libretto        =>  librettos       |  libretti
mafioso         =>                  |  mafiosi
modelletto      =>                  |  modelletti
mondo           =>                  |  mondi
moroso          =>                  |  morosi
moscardino      =>                  |  moscardini
motoscafo       =>                  |  motoscafi
ovolo           =>                  |  ovoli
paparrazo       =>                  |  paparrazi
pastorale       =>  pastorales      |  pastorali
pensiero        =>                  |  pensieri
pifferaro       =>                  |  pifferari
podere          =>                  |  poderi
porcino         =>                  |  porcini
putto           =>                  |  putti
ragazzo         =>                  |  ragazzi
ricordo         =>                  |  ricordi
rione           =>                  |  rioni
saffo           =>                  |  saffi
sbirro          =>                  |  sbirri
scudo           =>                  |  scudi
scungille       =>                  |  scungilli
sestiere        =>                  |  sestieri
sgraffiato      =>                  |  sgraffiati
soldo           =>                  |  soldi
stornello       =>                  |  stornelli
strambotto      =>                  |  strambotti
tarantato       =>                  |  tarantati
tempietto       =>                  |  tempietti
tenorino        =>                  |  tenorini
terzetto        =>                  |  terzetti
tombarolo       =>                  |  tombaroli
tondo           =>                  |  tondi
Tornese         =>                  |  Tornesi
trullo          =>                  |  trulli
uomo            =>                  |  uomini
vetturino       =>                  |  vetturini
viale           =>                  |  viali
villino         =>                  |  villini
volcanello      =>                  |  volcanelli
zeppole         =>                  |  zeppoli
zingano         =>                  |  zingani


# Italian imports ending in "-a" that classically inflect to "-e"

ancona      =>             | ancone
autostrada  => autostradas | autostrade
ballata     =>             | ballate
ballerina   => ballerinas  | ballerine
bruschetta  =>             | bruschette
canzonetta  => canzonettas | canzonette
contadina   =>             | contadine
crazia      =>             | crazie
fermata     => fermatas    | fermate
fioritura   =>             | fioriture
frottola    =>             | frottole
granita     =>             | granite
loggia      => loggias     | loggie
mafiosa     =>             | mafiose
mantelletta =>             | mantellette
maremma     =>             | maremme
mortadella  => mortadellas | mortadelle
paisa       => paisas      | paise
pietra      =>             | pietre
pizza       => pizzas      | pizze
ragazza     =>             | ragazze
ricercata   =>             | ricercate
scuola      =>             | scuole
squadra     =>             | squadre
tarantata   =>             | tarantate
tazza       =>             | tazze
terramara   =>             | terremare
trattoria   => trattorias  | trattorie
vila        => vilas       | vile
villanella  =>             | villanelle
violetta    =>             | violette
zadruga     => zadrugas    | zadruge
zitella     =>             | zitelle
zucca       =>             | zucche
zuppa       =>             | zuppe


# Italian imports that retain their classical inflection to "-i"

alto           => altos      | alti
basso          => bassos     | bassi
biscotto       =>            | biscotti
contralto      => contraltos | contralti
glissando      => glissandos | glissandi
panino         =>            | panini
piano          => pianos     | piani
solo           => solos      | soli
soprano        => sopranos   | soprani
tempo          => tempos     | tempi
vaporetto      => vaporettos | vaporetti
virtuoso       => virtuosos  | virtuosi


# Words ending in '-oe' which are ambiguous in the plural...

coe  => coes
hoe  => hoes
joe  => joes
moe  => moes
toe  => toes

# Italian and Spanish imports, abbreviations, and other words ending in "-o"
# that always inflect to "-os"

ado            =>  ados
aficionado     =>  aficionados
aggro          =>  aggros
albino         =>  albinos
allegro        =>  allegros
altorelievo    =>  altorelievos
ammo           =>  ammos
Antananarivo   =>  Antananarivos
armadillo      =>  armadillos
auto           =>  autos
aviso          =>  avisos
avocado        =>  avocados
Bamako         =>  Bamakos
Barquisimeto   =>  Barquisimetos
bimbo          =>  bimbos
bingo          =>  bingos
Biro           =>  Biros
bolero         =>  boleros
Bolzano        =>  Bolzanos
Boto           =>  Botos
burro          =>  burros
Cairo          =>  Cairos
calypso        =>  calypsos
canto          =>  cantos
cappuccino     =>  cappuccinos
casino         =>  casinos
cello          =>  cellos
Chicago        =>  Chicagos
Chimango       =>  Chimangos
cilantro       =>  cilantros
cochito        =>  cochitos
coco           =>  cocos
Colombo        =>  Colombos
Colorado       =>  Colorados
commando       =>  commandos
concertino     =>  concertinos
condo          =>  condos
contango       =>  contangos
credo          =>  credos
crescendo      =>  crescendos
cyano          =>  cyanos
demo           =>  demos
ditto          =>  dittos
Draco          =>  Dracos
dynamo         =>  dynamos
embryo         =>  embryos
Esperanto      =>  Esperantos
espresso       =>  espressos
euro           =>  euros
falsetto       =>  falsettos
Faro           =>  Faros
fiasco         =>  fiascos
Filipino       =>  Filipinos
flamenco       =>  flamencos
furioso        =>  furiosos
generalissimo  =>  generalissimos
Gestapo        =>  Gestapos
ghetto         =>  ghettos
gigolo         =>  gigolos
gizmo          =>  gizmos
Greensboro     =>  Greensboros
gringo         =>  gringos
Guaiabero      =>  Guaiaberos
guano          =>  guanos
gumbo          =>  gumbos
gyro           =>  gyros
hairdo         =>  hairdos
hippo          =>  hippos
Idaho          =>  Idahos
impetigo       =>  impetigos
inferno        =>  infernos
info           =>  infos
intaglio       =>  intaglios
intermezzo     =>  intermezzos
intertrigo     =>  intertrigos
Iquico         =>  Iquicos
jalapeno       =>  jalapenos
jumbo          =>  jumbos
junto          =>  juntos
Kakapo         =>  Kakapos
kilo           =>  kilos
kimono         =>  kimonos
Kinkimavo      =>  Kinkimavos
Kokako         =>  Kokakos
Kosovo         =>  Kosovos
Lesotho        =>  Lesothos
libero         =>  liberos
libido         =>  libidos
lido           =>  lidos
Lilo           =>  Lilos
limbo          =>  limbos
limo           =>  limos
lineno         =>  linenos
lingo          =>  lingos
lino           =>  linos
livedo         =>  livedos
loco           =>  locos
logo           =>  logos
lumbago        =>  lumbagos
macho          =>  machos
macro          =>  macros
mafioso        =>  mafiosos
magneto        =>  magnetos
magnifico      =>  magnificos
Majuro         =>  Majuros
Malabo         =>  Malabos
manifesto      =>  manifestos
Maputo         =>  Maputos
Maracaibo      =>  Maracaibos
memo           =>  memos
metro          =>  metros
Mexico         =>  Mexicos
micro          =>  micros
Milano         =>  Milanos
Monaco         =>  Monacos
mono           =>  monos
Montenegro     =>  Montenegros
Morocco        =>  Moroccos
Muqdisho       =>  Muqdishos
mustachio      =>  mustachios
myo            =>  myos
neutrino       =>  neutrinos
Ningbo         =>  Ningbos
octavo         =>  octavos
oregano        =>  oreganos
Orinoco        =>  Orinocos
Orlando        =>  Orlandos
Oslo           =>  Oslos
oto            =>  otos
panto          =>  pantos
Paramaribo     =>  Paramaribos
Pardusco       =>  Parduscos
pedalo         =>  pedalos
photo          =>  photos
pimento        =>  pimentos
pinto          =>  pintos
pleco          =>  plecos
Pluto          =>  Plutos
pogo           =>  pogos
polo           =>  polos
poncho         =>  ponchos
Porto          =>  Portos
Porto-Novo     =>  Porto-Novos
pro            =>  pros
psycho         =>  psychos
pueblo         =>  pueblos
quarto         =>  quartos
Quito          =>  Quitos
rhino          =>  rhinos
rilievo        =>  rilievos
risotto        =>  risottos
rococo         =>  rococos
rondo          =>  rondos
Sacramento     =>  Sacramentos
saddo          =>  saddos
sago           =>  sagos
salvo          =>  salvos
Santiago       =>  Santiagos
Sapporo        =>  Sapporos
Sarajevo       =>  Sarajevos
scherzando     =>  scherzandos
scherzo        =>  scherzos
silo           =>  silos
sirocco        =>  siroccos
sombrero       =>  sombreros
staccato       =>  staccatos
sterno         =>  sternos
stucco         =>  stuccos
stylo          =>  stylos
sumo           =>  sumos
surimono       =>  surimonos
Taiko          =>  Taikos
techno         =>  technos
terrazzo       =>  terrazzos
testudo        =>  testudos
timpano        =>  timpanos
tiro           =>  tiros
tobacco        =>  tobaccos
Togo           =>  Togos
Tokyo          =>  Tokyos
torero         =>  toreros
Torino         =>  Torinos
Toronto        =>  Torontos
torso          =>  torsos
tremolo        =>  tremolos
typo           =>  typos
tyro           =>  tyros
vaquero        =>  vaqueros
vermicello     =>  vermicellos
verso          =>  versos
vibrato        =>  vibratos
violoncello    =>  violoncellos
Virgo          =>  Virgos
weirdo         =>  weirdos
Yamoussoukro   =>  Yamoussoukros
yo-yo          =>  yo-yos
zero           =>  zeros
Zibo           =>  Zibos


# Words ending in "-o" that may inflect to "-os" or "-oes"...

adviso       =>                |  advisoes
ambuscado    =>  ambuscados    |  ambuscadoes
arango       =>                |  arangoes
archipelago  =>  archipelagos  |  archipelagoes
barrico      =>                |  barricoes
bilbo        =>                |  bilboes
bongo        =>  bongos        |  bongoes
bravo        =>  bravos        |  bravoes
bubo         =>                |  buboes
busto        =>  bustos        |  bustoes
go           =>                |  goes
grotto       =>  grottos       |  grottoes
guglio       =>  guglios       |  guglioes
hero         =>                |  heroes
mango        =>  mangos        |  mangoes
medico       =>  medicos       |  medicoes
memento      =>  mementos      |  mementoes
motto        =>  mottos        |  mottoes
pengo        =>  pengo         |  pengoes
pingo        =>  pingos        |  pingoes
placebo      =>  placebos      |  placeboes
po           =>  pos           |  poes
politico     =>  politicos     |  politicoes
portico      =>  porticos      |  porticoes
potato       =>                |  potatoes
proviso      =>  provisos      |  provisoes
sambo        =>  sambos        |  samboes
stiletto     =>                |  stilettoes
tango        =>  tangos        |  tangoes
tomato       =>                |  tomatoes
volcano      =>  volcanos      |  volcanoes
waldo        =>  waldos        |  waldoes


# Words ending in "-ch" that inflect to "-chs" (instead of "-ches")...

bath     => baths
Czech    => Czechs
eunuch   => eunuchs
math     => maths
mouth    => mouths
oath     => oaths
path     => paths
stomach  => stomachs
wreath   => wreaths


# Greek imports (via Latin or Spanish) ending in "-o(n)" that classically inflect to "-nes"...

agon        =>               |  agones
ambo        =>  ambos        |  ambones
autochthon  =>  autochthons  |  autochthones
axon        =>  axons        |  axones
bodegon     =>               |  bodegones
cardo       =>               |  cardines
felo        =>               |  felones
imago       =>  imagos       |  imagines
lentigo     =>               |  lentigines
mucro       =>  mucros       |  mucrones
Pangasinan  =>  Pangasinans  |  Pangasinanes
pernio      =>               |  perniones
phren       =>               |  phrenes
porron      =>  porrons      |  porrones
reductio    =>               |  reductiones
rejon       =>               |  rejones
serpigo     =>  serpigoes    |  serpigines
somaten     =>               |  somatenes
stolo       =>               |  stolones
telamon     =>               |  telamones
teredo      =>  teredos      |  teredines
thraso      =>  thrasoes     |  thrasones
turron      =>  turrons      |  turrones
umbo        =>  umbos        |  umbones
unio        =>  unios        |  uniones
ustilago    =>               |  ustilagines
vibrio      =>  vibrios      |  vibriones


# Greek imports (via Latin) ending in "-x" that classically inflect to "-ges"...

phalanx => phalanxes | phalanges
remex   => remexes   | remiges
larynx  =>           | larynges
sphinx  => sphinxes  | sphinges


# Latin or Greek imports ending in "-x" that classically inflect to "-ces"...

apex          =>  apexes          |  apices
appendix      =>  appendixes      |  appendices
auspex        =>                  |  auspices
calix         =>                  |  calices
carex         =>                  |  carices
caudex        =>                  |  caudices
cicatrix      =>                  |  cicatrices
cimex         =>                  |  cimices
codex         =>                  |  codices
cortex        =>  cortexes        |  cortices
coxendix      =>                  |  coxendices
directrix     =>                  |  directrices
extispex      =>                  |  extispices
falx          =>                  |  falces
hallux        =>                  |  halluces
haruspex      =>                  |  haruspices
*helix         =>                  |  helices
imbrex        =>                  |  imbrices
index         =>  indexes         |  indices
latex         =>  latexes         |  latices
limax         =>                  |  limaces
mediatrix     =>                  |  mediatrices
meretrix      =>                  |  meretrices
murex         =>  murexes         |  murices
nectocalyx    =>                  |  nectocalyces
oratrix       =>                  |  oratrices
pinax         =>                  |  pinaces
pneumothorax  =>  pneumothoraxes  |  pneumothoraces
pollex        =>                  |  pollices
pontifex      =>  pontifexes      |  pontifices
prosecutrix   =>                  |  prosecutrices
pulveratrix   =>                  |  pulveratrices
quadratrix    =>                  |  quadratrices
radix         =>  radixes         |  radices
scolex        =>                  |  scoleces
separatrix    =>                  |  separatrices
silex         =>                  |  silices
simplex       =>  simplexes       |  simplices
spadix        =>  spadixes        |  spadices
streptothrix  =>                  |  streptothrices
suffrutex     =>                  |  suffrutices
thorax        =>  thoraxes        |  thoraces
tortrix       =>                  |  tortrices
tractatrix    =>                  |  tractatrices
tractrix      =>                  |  tractrices
varix         =>                  |  varices
vertex        =>  vertexes        |  vertices
vibex         =>                  |  vibices
vortex        =>  vortexes        |  vortices



# Arabic imports ending in "-t" that classically inflect to "-ti"...

afrit   => afrits  | afriti
afreet  => afreets | afreeti
efreet  => efreets | efreeti


# Hebrew imports that classically inflect by adding "-im"...

Asherah   => Asherahs  | Asherim
baal      => baals     | baalim
cherub    => cherubs   | cherubim
gaon      => gaons     | gaonim
goy       => goys      | goyim
kibbutz   => kibbutzes | kibbutzim
meshumad  =>           | meshumadim
meshummad =>           | meshummadim
minyan    =>           | minyanim
parnas    =>           | parnassim
parnass   =>           | parnassim
seraph    => seraphs   | seraphim
shochet   =>           | shochetim
ulpan     =>           | ulpanim
zuz       => zuzzes    | zuzim


# Pairs or groups subsumed to a singular that don't inflect...

britches      =>  britches
clippers      =>  clippers
gallows       =>  gallows
headquarters  =>  headquarters
herpes        =>  herpes
hijinks       =>  hijinks
innings       =>  innings
offspring     =>  offspring
pajamas       =>  pajamas
pants         =>  pants
pincers       =>  pincers
pliers        =>  pliers
proceedings   =>  proceedings
pyjamas       =>  pyjamas
scissors      =>  scissors
shears        =>  shears
shorts        =>  shorts
testes        =>  testes
tongs         =>  tongs
trousers      =>  trousers


# Inuktitut imports ending in "-uk" that always inflect to "-uit"...

inuk      => inuit
inukshuk  => inukshuit


# French imports ending in "-u" that classically inflect to "-ux"...

aboiteau     =>  aboiteaus     |  aboiteaux
bandeau      =>                |  bandeaux
bateau       =>                |  bateaux
beau         =>  beaus         |  beaux
bijou        =>                |  bijoux
bordereau    =>                |  bordereaux
bureau       =>  bureaus       |  bureaux
chapeau      =>                |  chapeaux
chateau      =>                |  chateaux
cheval       =>                |  chevaux
chou         =>                |  choux
fabliau      =>                |  fabliaux
fricandeau   =>                |  fricandeaux
jeu          =>                |  jeux
maquereau    =>                |  maquereaux
morceau      =>                |  morceaux
plateau      =>  plateaus      |  plateaux
portmanteau  =>  portmanteaus  |  portmanteaux
tableau      =>  tableaus      |  tableaux
tonneau      =>  tonneaus      |  tonneaux
trousseau    =>  trousseaus    |  trousseaux
trumeau      =>                |  trumeaux
voeu         =>                |  voeux


# (Mainly) French or Latin imports ending in "-s" that (mostly) don't inflect...

chassis      =>            |  chassis
contretemps  =>            |  contretemps
corps        =>            |  corps
debris       =>            |  debris
glacis       =>  glacises  |  glacis
haggis       =>            |  haggis
louis        =>            |  louis
planctus     =>            |  planctus
precis       =>            |  precis
sedes        =>            |  sedes
superficies  =>            |  superficies


# French imports ending in "-u" that inflect to "-us"

menu     =>  menus
parvenu  =>  parvenus


# French imports ending in "-ieu" that inflect to "-ieus" or "-ieux"

adieu    =>  adieus    |  adieux
lieu     =>  lieus     |  lieux
milieu   =>  milieus   |  milieux
purlieu  =>  purlieus  |  purlieux


# French imports ending in "-eau" that inflect to "-eaus" or "-eaux"

bandeau      =>  bandeaus      |  bandeaux
bateau       =>  bateaus       |  bateaux
beau         =>  beaus         |  beaux
bureau       =>  bureaus       |  bureaux
chapeau      =>  chapeaus      |  chapeaux
chateau      =>  chateaus      |  chateaux
jambeau      =>  jambeaus      |  jambeaux
manteau      =>  manteaus      |  manteaux
plateau      =>  plateaus      |  plateaux
politbureau  =>  politbureaus  |  politbureaux
portmanteau  =>  portmanteaus  |  portmanteaux
rideau       =>  rideaus       |  rideaux
rondeau      =>  rondeaus      |  rondeaux
tableau      =>  tableaus      |  tableaux
tonneau      =>  tonneaus      |  tonneaux
trousseau    =>  trousseaus    |  trousseaux

# Names of diseases that don't inflect...

diabetes  => diabetes
*measles   => measles
mumps     => mumps
*pox       => pox
rabies    => rabies


# Miscellaneous words ending with "-s" that don't inflect...

corps         => corps
jackanapes    => jackanapes
leptomonas    => leptomonas
news          => news
res           => res
schizostylis  => schizostylis
series        => series
species       => species


# Herd/cluster lifeforms that classically don't inflect...

*bass        =>  basses        |  bass
bison       =>  bisons        |  bison
bream       =>                |  bream
buffalo     =>  buffalos      |  buffalo
caribou     =>  caribous      |  caribou
carp        =>                |  carp
cod         =>                |  cod
dace        =>  daces         |  dace
*deer        =>                |  deer
eland       =>  elands        |  eland
elk         =>  elks          |  elk
*fish        =>                |  fish
flounder    =>                |  flounder
*fowl        =>  fowls         |  fowl
grouse      =>  grouses       |  grouse
haddock     =>  haddocks      |  haddock
hake        =>  hakes         |  hake
halibut     =>  halibuts      |  halibut
herring     =>  herrings      |  herring
mackerel    =>  mackerels     |  mackerel
moose       =>                |  moose
pickerel    =>  pickerels     |  pickerel
pike        =>  pikes         |  pike
rhinoceros  =>  rhinoceroses  |  rhinoceros
roe         =>  roes          |  roe
salmon      =>                |  salmon
seed        =>  seeds         |  seed
shad        =>  shads         |  shad
*sheep       =>                |  sheep
snipe       =>  snipes        |  snipe
starfish    =>  starfishes    |  starfish
swine       =>  swine         |  swines
teal        =>  teals         |  teal
trout       =>                |  trout
tuna        =>                |  tuna
turbot      =>  turbots       |  turbot
whiting     =>                |  whiting
*wildebeest  =>  wildebeests   |  wildebeest
zucchini    =>  zucchinis     |  zucchini


# Vehicles that don't inflect...

*craft          => craft

# Other imports that don't inflect...

intichiuma  =>  intichiuma
paha        =>  paha
ri          =>  ri
samurai     =>  samurai
soshi       =>  soshi


# Individuals of nationalities end in "-ese" that don't inflect...

Achinese      => Achinese
Alfurese      => Alfurese
Amboinese     => Amboinese
Americanese   => Americanese
Amoyese       => Amoyese
Amoyese       => Amoyese
Andamanese    => Andamanese
Angolese      => Angolese
Annamese      => Annamese
Aragonese     => Aragonese
Arakanese     => Arakanese
Assamese      => Assamese
Avignonese    => Avignonese
Azerbaijanese => Azerbaijanese
Balinese      => Balinese
Bengalese     => Bengalese
Bernese       => Bernese
Bhutanese     => Bhutanese
Bolognese     => Bolognese
Borghese      => Borghese
Borghese      => Borghese
Bostonese     => Bostonese
Buginese      => Buginese
Burmese       => Burmese
Calabrese     => Calabrese
Camaldolese   => Camaldolese
Cantonese     => Cantonese
Carlylese     => Carlylese
Cassinese     => Cassinese
Celanese      => Celanese
Ceylonese     => Ceylonese
Chinese       => Chinese
Congoese      => Congoese
Congoese      => Congoese
Congolese     => Congolese
Dongolese     => Dongolese
Faroese       => Faroese
Faroese       => Faroese
Ferrarese     => Ferrarese
Foochowese    => Foochowese
Foochowese    => Foochowese
Gabunese      => Gabunese
Genevese      => Genevese
Genevese      => Genevese
Genoese       => Genoese
Genoese       => Genoese
Gilbertese    => Gilbertese
Gilbertese    => Gilbertese
Goanese       => Goanese
Guianese      => Guianese
Hainanese     => Hainanese
Hararese      => Hararese
Harlemese     => Harlemese
Havanese      => Havanese
Heavenese     => Heavenese
Hoosierese    => Hoosierese
Hottentotese  => Hottentotese
Hottentotese  => Hottentotese
Hunanese      => Hunanese
Indochinese   => Indochinese
Japanese      => Japanese
Javanese      => Javanese
Johnsonese    => Johnsonese
Kanarese      => Kanarese
Kiplingese    => Kiplingese
Kiplingese    => Kiplingese
Kongoese      => Kongoese
Kongoese      => Kongoese
Kongolese     => Kongolese
Lapponese     => Lapponese
Lebanese      => Lebanese
Leonese       => Leonese
Londonese     => Londonese
Lorrainese    => Lorrainese
Lucchese      => Lucchese
Lucchese      => Lucchese
Lyonese       => Lyonese
Macanese      => Macanese
Macassarese   => Macassarese
Madurese      => Madurese
Malabarese    => Malabarese
Maltese       => Maltese
Maltese       => Maltese
Messinese     => Messinese
Milanese      => Milanese
Modenese      => Modenese
Muranese      => Muranese
Nankingese    => Nankingese
Nankingese    => Nankingese
Navarrese     => Navarrese
Nepalese      => Nepalese
Niasese       => Niasese
Niasese       => Niasese
Nicobarese    => Nicobarese
Nipponese     => Nipponese
Parmese       => Parmese
Pekingese     => Pekingese
Pekingese     => Pekingese
Piedmontese   => Piedmontese
Piedmontese   => Piedmontese
Pistoiese     => Pistoiese
Pistoiese     => Pistoiese
Polonese      => Polonese
Portuguese    => Portuguese
Portuguese    => Portuguese
Romagnese     => Romagnese
Romanese      => Romanese
Sangirese     => Sangirese
Sarawakese    => Sarawakese
Sarawakese    => Sarawakese
Senegalese    => Senegalese
Shavese       => Shavese
Shavese       => Shavese
Shawanese     => Shawanese
Siamese       => Siamese
Sienese       => Sienese
Sikkimese     => Sikkimese
Singhalese    => Singhalese
Sinhalese     => Sinhalese
Sogdianese    => Sogdianese
Sudanese      => Sudanese
Sundanese     => Sundanese
Swahilese     => Swahilese
Tenggerese    => Tenggerese
Timorese      => Timorese
Tirolese      => Tirolese
Tocharese     => Tocharese
Tonkinese     => Tonkinese
Torinese      => Torinese
Tyrolese      => Tyrolese
Vermontese    => Vermontese
Vermontese    => Vermontese
Veronese      => Veronese
Viennese      => Viennese
Vietnamese    => Vietnamese
Wenchowese    => Wenchowese
Wenchowese    => Wenchowese
Whitmanese    => Whitmanese
Yengeese      => Yengeese
Yunnanese     => Yunnanese


# Singular words (mainly Latin and Greek imports) ending in "-s" that inflect to "-ses" (instead of "-sses")...

abacus      =>  abacuses
abortus     =>  abortuses
acropolis   =>  acropolises
aegis       =>  aegises
alias       =>  aliases
asbestos    =>  asbestoses
bathos      =>  bathoses
bias        =>  biases
bolus       =>  boluses
bronchitis  =>  bronchitises
bursitis    =>  bursitises
caddis      =>  caddises
callus      =>  calluses
cannabis    =>  cannabises
canvas      =>  canvases
chaos       =>  chaoses
chorus      =>  choruses
cosmos      =>  cosmoses
dais        =>  daises
digitalis   =>  digitalises
epidermis   =>  epidermises
ethos       =>  ethoses
eyas        =>  eyases
flatus      =>  flatuses
gas         =>  gases
glottis     =>  glottises
hubris      =>  hubrises
ibis        =>  ibises
lens        =>  lenses
linctus     =>  linctuses
mantis      =>  mantises
marquis     =>  marquises
metropolis  =>  metropolises
moaks       =>  moakses
pathos      =>  pathoses
polis       =>  polises
sassafras   =>  sassafrases
trellis     =>  trellises


# Miscellaneous uncategorized imported words with native inflexions...
# (Some of these should probably be under earlier classifications. Patches welcome!)

aelf          =>  aelfe
agrogorod     =>  agrogoroda
braccio       =>  braccia
capataz       =>  capataces
chapplis      =>  chapplies
competent     =>  competentes
cornu         =>  cornua
crus          =>  crura
denkmal       =>  denkmaler
espanol       =>  espanoles
ex            =>  exes
felsenmeer    =>  felsenmeere
gmina         =>  gminy
gousblom      =>  gousblomme
guy           =>  guys
heft          =>  hefte
hoti          =>  hoties
hsien         =>  heen
interleaf     =>  leaves
interrex      =>  interreges
juelet        =>  iueles
kletterschuh  =>  kletterschuhe
lied          =>  lieder
macaroni      =>  macaronies
matin         =>  matins
mezuza        =>  mezuzoth
mezuzah       =>  mezuzoth
minnelied     =>  minnelieder
nachtlokal    =>  nachtlokale
nebenkern     =>  nebenkerne
nockerl       =>  nockerln
ogle          =>  oglys
orthoceras    =>  orthocerata
pectus        =>  pectora
pillie        =>  pilleis
poblador      =>  pobladores
promerops     =>  promeropes
puttony       =>  puttonys
radiale       =>  radialia
reich         =>  reiche
rejoneador    =>  rejoneadores
rete          =>  retia
rezident      =>  rezidenty
rype          =>  ryper
sachverhalt   =>  sachverhalte
sceat         =>  sceattas
sedile        =>  sedilia
seecatch      =>  seecatchie
senex         =>  senes
sezession     =>  sezessionen
shomer        =>  shomrim
snekkja       =>  snekkjur
sol           =>  soles
sphex         =>  spheges
stirps        =>  stirpes
thos          =>  thoes
toril         =>  toriles
tuber         =>  tuberes
vas           =>  vasa
vis           =>  vires
voorbok       =>  voorbokke
vorspiel      =>  vorspiele
wanderjahr    =>  wanderjahre
wandervogel   =>  wandervogel
yuo           =>  yuon
zeitgeber     =>  zeitgebers

# Miscellaneous (mostly imported) words with classical native inflections...
# (Some of these should probably be under earlier classifications. Patches welcome!)

alguacil       =>  alguacils     |  alguaciles
amphipneust    =>  amphipneusts  |  amphipneusta
antefix        =>  antifixes     |  antefixa
bechuana       =>  bechuanas     |  bechuana
bhikshu        =>  bhikshus      |  bhikshook
bierstube      =>  bierstubes    |  bierstuben
bratwurst      =>  bratwursts    |  bratwurste
bylina         =>  bylinas       |  byliny
cabaletta      =>  cabalettas    |  cabalette
corgi          =>  corgis        |  corgwn
corgy          =>  corgys        |  corgwn
cremaster      =>  cremasters    |  cremasteres
cyclops        =>  cyclopses     |  cyclopes
dreikanter     =>  dreikanters   |  dreikanter
dumka          =>  dumkas        |  dumky
feis           =>  fess          |  feiseanna
fly            =>  flies         |  flys
frenum         =>  frena         |  fraena
galla          =>  gallas        |  galla
geisha         =>  geishas       |  geisha
intercalarium  =>  intercalaria  |  intercalare
iter           =>  iters         |  itinera
kar            =>  kars          |  kare
karakia        =>  karakias      |  karakia
karrenfeld     =>  karrenfelds   |  karrenfelder
kioko          =>  kiokos        |  kioko
lacunar        =>  lacunars      |  lacunaria
lar            =>  lars          |  lares
logodaedalus   =>  logodaedali   |  logodaedale
maar           =>  maars         |  maare
mukim          =>  mukims        |  mukim
nenets         =>  nentsi        |  nentsy
nymphaeum      =>  nymphea       |  nymphaea
nympheum       =>  nymphea       |  nymphaea
pangasinan     =>  pangasinans   |  pangasinanes
pinon          =>  pinons        |  pinones
pipkrake       =>  pipkrakes     |  pipkraker
plethron       =>  plethra       |  plether
prytanis       =>  prytanes      |  prytan
purum          =>  purums        |  purum
pyrites        =>  pyritae       |  pirrites
raggare        =>  raggares      |  raggare
regidor        =>  regidors      |  regidores
remous         =>  remous        |  remou
rimon          =>  rimonim       |  rimmonim
salita         =>  salitas       |  salite
sandr          =>  sandrs        |  sandr
scazon         =>  scazontes     |  scazons
sephardi       =>  sephardim     |  sephardin
serir          =>  serirs        |  serir
shauri         =>  shauris       |  shauries
shawabti       =>  shawabtis     |  shawabtiu
silbador       =>  silbadors     |  silbadores
sinfonia       =>  sinfonias     |  sinfonie
solidus        =>  solidi        |  solidos
sotch          =>  sotches       |  sotchs
souvlaki       =>  souvlakis     |  souvlakia
sphaeridium    =>  sphaeridia    |  sphaerideum
starover       =>  starovers     |  starovery
stomodaeum     =>  stomodea      |  stomodaea
stromodeum     =>  stromodea     |  stromodaea
tetanothrum    =>  tetanothra    |  tetanother
tsuba          =>  tsubas        |  tsuba
tsubo          =>  tsubos        |  tsubo
vaalpens       =>  vaalpens      |  vaalpensen
varella        =>  varellaes     |  varely
veduta         =>  vedutas       |  vedute
wadi           =>  wadies        |  wadis
wady           =>  wadies        |  wadys
zemirah        =>  zemiroth      |  zemirot
zita           =>  ziti          |  zite


# "General" as a noun (as opposed to a postfix adjective)...

adjutant general    =>   adjutant generals
brigadier general   =>   brigadier generals
lieutenant general  =>   lieutenant generals
major general       =>   major generals
-star general        =>  -star generals


# Compound postfix forms require recursive inflection of the core noun(s)...
# ['(SING)-general' is non-indicative because it includes the above '-star general' form]

(SING)-general   =>  (PL)-general      # E.g. Consul General --> Consuls General

# E.g. son-of-a-gun   --> sons-of-guns
son-of-a-(SING)  =>  sons-of-(PL)
# E.g. mother-in-law  --> mothers-in-law
(SING)-(PREP)-*  =>  (PL)-(PREP)-*
# E.g. of him         --> of them
(PREP)-(SING)    =>  (PREP)-(PL)
# E.g. knight-errant  --> knights-errant
(SING)-errant    =>  (PL)-errant
# E.g. passer-by      --> passers-by
(SING)-(PREP)    =>  (PL)-(PREP)

# Pronouns in the nominative...

I     => we
you   => you
they  => they
she   => they
he    => they
it    => they
this  => these
that  => those
one   => some


# Pronouns in the accusative...

me    => us
you   => you
them  => them
her   => them
him   => them


# Pronouns in the reflexive...

myself    => ourselves
yourself  => yourselves
themself  => themselves
herself   => themselves
himself   => themselves
itself    => themselves


# Pronouns in the possessive...

mine    => ours
yours   => yours
theirs  => theirs
hers    => theirs
his     => theirs
its     => theirs



# Standard patterns of inflection for other nouns (in increasing order of generality)...

-[aeiou]o =>  -[aeiou]os |
-[aeo]lf  =>             |  -[aeo]lves
-[aiy]nx  =>  -[aiy]nxes |  -[aiy]nges
-arf      =>             |  -arves
-ceps     =>  -ceps      |
-[cs]h    =>  -[cs]hes   |
-eaf      =>  -eaves     |
-eau      =>  -eaus      |  -eaux
-ieu      =>  -ieus      |  -ieux
-nife     =>  -nives     |
-oe       =>  -oes       |
-o        =>  -oes       |
-quy      =>  -quies     |
-[aeiou]y =>  -[aeiou]ys |
-ss       =>  -sses      |
-[^s]sis  =>             |  -[^s]ses
-trix     =>  -trixes    |  -trices
-us       =>  -uses      |
-x        =>  -xes       |
-y        =>  -ies       |
-z        =>  -zzes      |
-zoon     =>             |  -zoa